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posted by janrinok on Friday August 15 2014, @10:24PM   Printer-friendly
from the every-cloud-etc dept.

U.S. patents increased by 31 percent in fields common among Jewish scientists who fled Nazi Germany for America, according to Stanford economist Petra Moser. Their innovative influence rippled outward for generations, as the emigres attracted new researchers who then trained other up-and-comers. Anecdotal accounts suggest that the arrival of German Jewish emigres to America who were fleeing the Nazi regime in the 1930s revolutionized U.S. science and innovation.

But this claim has never been empirically confirmed until now, thanks to new research by a Stanford economist. Petra Moser, an assistant professor of economics at Stanford, found that the number of U.S. patents increased by 31 percent after 1933 in fields common among those who emigrated from Germany, according to her research paper. In fact, these scientists and inventors led a transformation of American innovation in the post-World War II period.

"German Jewish emigres had a huge effect on U.S. innovation," Moser said in an interview. "They helped increase the quality of research by training a new generation of American scientists, who then became productive researchers in their own rights."

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  • (Score: -1, Troll) by Anonymous Coward on Friday August 15 2014, @10:31PM

    by Anonymous Coward on Friday August 15 2014, @10:31PM (#81892)

    They also have complete control of America and are using it to kill children in Gaza.

    • (Score: 1, Insightful) by Anonymous Coward on Friday August 15 2014, @10:39PM

      by Anonymous Coward on Friday August 15 2014, @10:39PM (#81897)

      also, it's more like "USA seized germany's scientists and their research

      • (Score: 1, Redundant) by maxwell demon on Saturday August 16 2014, @10:55AM

        by maxwell demon (1608) on Saturday August 16 2014, @10:55AM (#82043) Journal

        No, it's not like America commanded Hitler to go after the Jews, so those Jewish scientists would flee Germany and potentially end up in America.

        --
        The Tao of math: The numbers you can count are not the real numbers.
    • (Score: 0) by Anonymous Coward on Friday August 15 2014, @10:57PM

      by Anonymous Coward on Friday August 15 2014, @10:57PM (#81908)

      Antisemitism is alive and well. And not just the obvious kind like the "No Jews" signs that disappeared only a few decades ago, but that of people like you who incite such hatred. American jews have very little to do with Gaza, and large numbers of them do not approve of the Israeli government's actions and say so publicly. But whatever, we control America because people we have no connection to do bad things.

      • (Score: 0) by Anonymous Coward on Friday August 15 2014, @11:13PM

        by Anonymous Coward on Friday August 15 2014, @11:13PM (#81917)

        > American jews have very little to do with Gaza, and large numbers of them do
        > not approve of the Israeli government's actions and say so publicly.

        It's totally true. But the blame must go equally on Israel and Israeli apologists for consistently claiming Judaism for themselves. They share the blame for modern anti-semitism in the same way that qutbists [wikipedia.org] share the blame for islamophobia. The biggest foe of moderates are the extremists within their own culture.

      • (Score: 1, Informative) by JNCF on Saturday August 16 2014, @12:34AM

        by JNCF (4317) on Saturday August 16 2014, @12:34AM (#81940) Journal

        American jews have very little to do with Gaza, and large numbers of them do not approve of the Israeli government's actions and say so publicly.

        Yeah, large numbers of Jews oppose Israel, but large numbers of Jews also support Israel. Saying "large numbers" doesn't help much when you're talking about sufficiently large groups of people. The real numbers are complicated, and vary between different groups of Jews and different phrasings of questions. Even the numbers I'm about to present in a big ugly blockquote don't tell the whole story, but I think they get closer than "large numbers." The fact is, American support of Israel is approved of by most people of a Judeo-Christian background and American Jews are a part of that. This is problematic, because the Israeli government clearly wants an ongoing conflict with Palestine which results in a lot of needless carnage.

        1. Sharp divide on whether Israel was "given to the Jewish people by God"

        • 40 percent of American Jews believe the land that is now Israel was given to the Jewish people by God.

        • 55 percent of American Christians believe this – far more than even most Jews – including 64 percent of Protestant Christians.

        • The groups least likely to believe this are secular Jews (16 percent), reform Jews (35 percent) and Catholics (38 percent).

        • This view is overwhelmingly common among Orthodox Jews (84 percent) and white Evangelical Christian (82 percent). If you've been to Israel, you have surely seen large tour groups of American Evangelical Christians.

        2. Orthodox Jews and Evangelical Christian share skepticism of two-state solution

        • 61 percent of American Jews agree that "there a way for Israel and an independent Palestinian state to coexist peacefully. Compare this to 50 percent of the American public.

        • The biggest supporters of a two-state solution are secular Jews (72 percent), Conservative Jews (62 percent) and Reform Jews (58 percent).

        • The biggest skeptics are Orthodox Jews (30 percent) and white Evangelical Christian (42 percent). Note the similarities between this number and the groups who believe Israel was given to the Jews by God.

        3. Few trust Palestinian peace-making; Israel's efforts also viewed skeptically

        • Only 21 percent of secular Jews agree that the "Israel government is making a sincere effort to bring about a peace settlement" with the Palestinians. That's a staggeringly low number.

        • 61 percent of Orthodox Jews believe this, including 73 percent of Modern Orthodox. The only other religious group for which over half believe this is Conservative Jews, at 52 percent. (Data for Christians is not available on this question.)

        • Among all Jews, 38 percent say they believe the Israel government is making a sincere effort.

        • The Palestinian leadership scored far worse among all group. Among all American Jews, only 12 percent believe it's making a sincere effort toward peace. That's highest among Conservative Jews (14 percent) and lowest among Ultra-Orthodox (6 percent).

        4. Only one in three Jews feels strong "emotional attachment to Israel"

        • 30 percent of American Jews answered "very attached" when asked the level of their "emotional attachment to Israel." 39 percent said "somewhat attached" and 22 percent said "not very attached," with only 9 percent citing no attachment.

        • Still, that means 69 percent feel some meaningful level of attachment to Israel. More than half of every group answered either "very" or "somewhat" attached – except for secular Jews, who selected "very" and "somewhat" by 12 and 33 percent, respectively. This group makes up 22 percent of American Jews.

        • Orthodox Jews feel the strongest attachment, with 61 percent saying they feel very attached and 30 percent somewhat attached.

        5. No group supports settlements, but Orthodox come closest

        • 44 percent of American Jews say the ongoing Israeli settlement construction in the West Bank "hurts Israel's security." 17 percent say it helps; 29 percent say it makes no difference.

        • Only 16 percent of Orthodox Jews say the settlements hurt Israeli security. 34 percent say they help (including 38 percent among Modern Orthodox) and 39 percent say it does not make a difference.

        • Reform and secular Jews are most likely to say that settlements hurt Israeli security, at 50 and 55 percent, respectively.

        • Conservative Jews say three-to-two that settlements hurt rather than help Israeli security (36 and 23 percent, respectively), making them the group closest to split.

        6. Most Jews feel Israel gets the right amount of U.S. support

        • 54 percent of American Jews say that the level of U.S. support for Israel is "about right." 11 percent say the U.S. is too supportive and 31 that it's not supportive enough.

        • The general American public is more likely to skew toward wanting less support for Israel. 22 percent say their country is too supportive of Israel; 25 percent want to see more U.S. support for Israel. 41 percent say it's about right.

        • Only Orthodox Jews are more likely than not to say that U.S. support for Israel is insufficient. 53 percent say the U.S. is not supportive enough of Israel. They are most closely followed by white Evangelical Christians, with 46 percent saying this.

        • The group most likely to believe that the U.S. is too supportive of Israel: Americans who are not religiously affiliated, 35 percent of whom say this. Among Jews, it's secular Jews, at 27 percent (50 percent of this group sees support levels as "about right").

        7. Most Jews approve of Obama's handling of Israel

        • 60 percent of Jews say they approve of Obama's policy toward Israel. This is highest among Jews over 65 (at 66 percent) and Reform Jews (65 percent). Conservative Jews are also supportive (60 percent), with secular Jews a touch less so (54 percent).

        • Support is lowest among Christian groups; 38 percent of American Christians support Obama's Israel policy, including just 26 percent of white Evangelical Christians.

        • The most critical Jewish group is Orthodox Jews, 36 percent of whom approve of Obama's approach to Israel.

        8. "Caring about Israel" not a top feature of Jewish identity

        • Pew came up with nine different traits commonly associated with Jewish identity and asked Jewish respondents to answer whether each is "essential to being Jewish." Among those nine traits, "caring about Israel" was the fifth most likely to be selected. 43 percent called this essential.

        • Traits more likely to be considered "essential to being Jewish" than caring about Israel, from most to least popular: Remembering the Holocaust, leading an ethical and moral life, working for justice/equality, being intellectually curious.

        • Among religious Jews, 49 percent called caring about Israel an essential Jewish trait. It still ranks fifth for this group.

        • Among secular Jews, only 23 percent called caring about Israel an essential Jewish trait. It ranks sixth, behind "having a good sense of humor."

        Source: http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/worldviews/wp/2013/10/03/8-fascinating-trends-in-how-american-jews-think-about-israel/ [washingtonpost.com]

        • (Score: 2) by maxwell demon on Saturday August 16 2014, @10:59AM

          by maxwell demon (1608) on Saturday August 16 2014, @10:59AM (#82044) Journal

          1. Sharp divide on whether Israel was "given to the Jewish people by God"
          [...]
          The groups least likely to believe this are secular Jews (16 percent), reform Jews (35 percent) and Catholics (38 percent).

          Really? I would have thought the group least likely to believe this would be atheists (0 percent).

          --
          The Tao of math: The numbers you can count are not the real numbers.
          • (Score: 1) by JNCF on Saturday August 16 2014, @09:43PM

            by JNCF (4317) on Saturday August 16 2014, @09:43PM (#82143) Journal

            In another question it states "data for Christians not available for this question." You're looking at a Pew survey focusing on certain data sets, maybe I should have been more clear about that before providing it in blockquote form. The set they're dealing with that is most likely to include lots of atheists would be the secular Jews, who were noted to have the lowest belief rates in that statement. Obviously not all secular Jews are atheists, but a lot of them are.

    • (Score: 3, Insightful) by Subsentient on Saturday August 16 2014, @02:01AM

      by Subsentient (1111) on Saturday August 16 2014, @02:01AM (#81956) Homepage Journal

      And white people kept slaves for a LONG time as well as murdered the Indians. But, I'm white, and know what? I have no personal guilt. Why? I had nothing to do with it and I will NOT be held accountable for actions of others I don't even know, whether or not they were white.

      --
      "It is no measure of health to be well adjusted to a profoundly sick society." -Jiddu Krishnamurti
      • (Score: 2) by Subsentient on Saturday August 16 2014, @02:07AM

        by Subsentient (1111) on Saturday August 16 2014, @02:07AM (#81960) Homepage Journal

        So, that kinda explains how most Jews are entitled to feel.

        --
        "It is no measure of health to be well adjusted to a profoundly sick society." -Jiddu Krishnamurti
      • (Score: 0) by Anonymous Coward on Saturday August 16 2014, @07:03AM

        by Anonymous Coward on Saturday August 16 2014, @07:03AM (#82016)

        > But, I'm white, and know what? I have no personal guilt. Why? I had nothing to do with it and I
        > will NOT be held accountable for actions of others I don't even know,

        So how do you feel about tax dollars being inequitably distributed to benefit yourself? You haven't actively solicited it, but yet you've benefited from it and others have lost out because of it.

        • (Score: 2) by Subsentient on Saturday August 16 2014, @09:55PM

          by Subsentient (1111) on Saturday August 16 2014, @09:55PM (#82146) Homepage Journal

          Not fair, so I'd do what I could to fix that. It's as simple as that. I believe that when you are presented the choice of choosing between benefit for yourself or benefit for someone else, it's best to give them the benefits for the sake of your own moral integrity.

          --
          "It is no measure of health to be well adjusted to a profoundly sick society." -Jiddu Krishnamurti
  • (Score: 3, Informative) by Lagg on Friday August 15 2014, @10:43PM

    by Lagg (105) on Friday August 15 2014, @10:43PM (#81901) Homepage Journal

    There were at least two operations launched by the US to grab the useful scientists before Germany could. So it's not too surprising that there was a surge at around that period of time. The fact that they were jews doesn't really have anything to do with it though. They also grabbed scientists that wanted to get out from under nazi rule, some of which were former nazis themselves.

    --
    http://lagg.me [lagg.me] 🗿
    • (Score: 4, Insightful) by Hairyfeet on Saturday August 16 2014, @05:26AM

      by Hairyfeet (75) <bassbeast1968NO@SPAMgmail.com> on Saturday August 16 2014, @05:26AM (#82001) Journal

      Exactly and I wonder where we would have been without Operation Paperclip [wikipedia.org] afterwards considering our space program was built by Nazis using science they first learned with the V2. I'll probably get hate for saying this since it isn't "politically correct" but between all the Jewish scientists we got before the war, the leaps in tech the war itself gave us, and the Nazis scientists after the war? WWII was probably the best thing that ever happened to the USA as a country.

      --
      ACs are never seen so don't bother. Always ready to show SJWs for the racists they are.
    • (Score: 3, Interesting) by DrMag on Saturday August 16 2014, @01:38PM

      by DrMag (1860) on Saturday August 16 2014, @01:38PM (#82063)

      I suspect it wasn't to keep them from the Germans, but from the Russians.

      It's no surprise really how the space race turned out; the Soviets were first to get to space, because they walked away with all the Nazi rocket research. The US was the first to get to the Moon, because they walked away with all the Nazi rocket researchers.

  • (Score: 0) by Anonymous Coward on Friday August 15 2014, @10:56PM

    by Anonymous Coward on Friday August 15 2014, @10:56PM (#81907)

    This isn't the first study to assume that the number of patents is an accurate measurement of the amount of creative and innovative work in a field. I think that's a hypothesis in which people see what they want to see.

  • (Score: 2) by Hawkwind on Friday August 15 2014, @11:07PM

    by Hawkwind (3531) on Friday August 15 2014, @11:07PM (#81914)

    I always assumed this was known. Kind of neat to see someone went back and confirmed it. I wonder if there's empirical information regarding Jewish impact on science in Europe prior to WWII?

  • (Score: 4, Interesting) by Username on Friday August 15 2014, @11:24PM

    by Username (4557) on Friday August 15 2014, @11:24PM (#81921)

    Lots of scientists fled europe before and during WWII, why are they attributing it only to jews? Some kinda prosemitism thing?

    • (Score: 1) by JNCF on Saturday August 16 2014, @12:10AM

      by JNCF (4317) on Saturday August 16 2014, @12:10AM (#81931) Journal

      I haven't read TFA, but the summary noted that the influx of patents were in fields relating that the Jewish immigrants specialized in. I'm not claiming that they controlled for the specializations of the other groups you're referring to, I really have no clue, but I hope they're not talking about rocket science [wikipedia.org]...

    • (Score: 2) by evilviper on Saturday August 16 2014, @02:26AM

      by evilviper (1760) on Saturday August 16 2014, @02:26AM (#81966) Homepage Journal

      Lots of scientists fled europe before and during WWII, why are they attributing it only to jews? Some kinda prosemitism thing?

      Jews probably made-up the majority, since they were being flagrantly persecuted, and there were special rules in the US fast-tracking their immigration. But indeed, plenty of non-Jews left Germany for the US in the 1930s as well.

      And let's not forget Werner Von Braun.

      --
      Hydrogen cyanide is a delicious and necessary part of the human diet.
      • (Score: 3, Insightful) by maxwell demon on Saturday August 16 2014, @11:06AM

        by maxwell demon (1608) on Saturday August 16 2014, @11:06AM (#82045) Journal

        Of course Wernher von Braun went to the USA after the war. And I'm sure the offer he got was that he would not have to bear close examination of what he did under the Nazis if he now worked for the USA.

        And I'm sure he was not the only one who was made such an offer.

        --
        The Tao of math: The numbers you can count are not the real numbers.
        • (Score: 2) by evilviper on Saturday August 16 2014, @08:15PM

          by evilviper (1760) on Saturday August 16 2014, @08:15PM (#82122) Homepage Journal

          Of course Wernher von Braun went to the USA after the war. And I'm sure the offer he got was that he would not have to bear close examination of what he did under the Nazis if he now worked for the USA.

          Actually, no. Pretty much every German got the same deal... Cooperate with the US, or go to Russia.

          Just being the "good cop" was the only thing the US needed to have going for it, though you sure can't say the Germans didn't fully deserve the wrath of the Russians after what they did on the Eastern front. Von Braun obviously got some assistance once he became valuable, but even a trial in the US would be far preferable to Russia.

          --
          Hydrogen cyanide is a delicious and necessary part of the human diet.
      • (Score: 1, Offtopic) by Phoenix666 on Saturday August 16 2014, @12:26PM

        by Phoenix666 (552) on Saturday August 16 2014, @12:26PM (#82056) Journal

        Jews were not the majority of people who were persecuted in the holocaust. 3 million Poles were executed, 3 million Ukrainians, 3 million Russians, 1.5 million Gypsies, and many other communists, socialists, homosexuals, freemasons, evangelical Christians, mentally and physically disabled, and many other groups the Nazis considered undesirable or inferior [wikipedia.org]. In the United States the history of the holocaust has been largely written by Jews, so they have made it about them exclusively (most Americans are consequently unaware that many more people from other groups than Jews were killed) and they have used it effectively since to influence politics [amazon.com], particularly with respect to Israel.

        This reads to me like another part of the same effort, to underscore in a different way how incredibly important Israel is to the United States, despite all other evidence to the contrary [uchicago.edu]. Curiously, it seems to be coming out at a time when Israel's crimes against the Palestinians, especially in Gaza, are on the verge of costing them the public opinion in the United States that they cannot afford to lose.

        --
        Washington DC delenda est.
        • (Score: 3, Informative) by evilviper on Saturday August 16 2014, @07:41PM

          by evilviper (1760) on Saturday August 16 2014, @07:41PM (#82117) Homepage Journal

          It's only when you broaden the definition to include other types of war deaths that the Jewish majority slink below the cutoff. Your own source makes the prominence of Jews clear from the start.

          --
          Hydrogen cyanide is a delicious and necessary part of the human diet.
    • (Score: 2) by FatPhil on Saturday August 16 2014, @09:19AM

      by FatPhil (863) <{pc-soylent} {at} {asdf.fi}> on Saturday August 16 2014, @09:19AM (#82029) Homepage
      > why are they attributing it only to jews?

      "They" is "Petra Moser". My nose senses that, just perhaps, "Moser" is a surname with a high jewishness correlation coefficient.
      --
      Great minds discuss ideas; average minds discuss events; small minds discuss people; the smallest discuss themselves
      • (Score: 2) by zafiro17 on Saturday August 16 2014, @11:51AM

        by zafiro17 (234) on Saturday August 16 2014, @11:51AM (#82049) Homepage

        At face value I'm willing to accept the paper's conclusions, and had even sort of understood this to be true anyway. But: seems like a conclusion highly subject to the "correlation does not equal causality" defense.

        --
        Dad always thought laughter was the best medicine, which I guess is why several of us died of tuberculosis - Jack Handey
  • (Score: 3, Interesting) by bob_super on Friday August 15 2014, @11:52PM

    by bob_super (1357) on Friday August 15 2014, @11:52PM (#81926)

    It's a shame that this work was submitted over 7 months ago, and is now being published at a moment when pro-Jewish studies can be perceived as damage-control propaganda.

    (That's a lot of shameful context in one sentence.)

    • (Score: -1, Troll) by Anonymous Coward on Saturday August 16 2014, @12:04AM

      by Anonymous Coward on Saturday August 16 2014, @12:04AM (#81930)

      And surprising your comment was not deleted.
      Which is happening a lot on here.

      Let the comments stand on their own merit Soylentnews editors need to back off.

      • (Score: 3, Informative) by janrinok on Saturday August 16 2014, @05:47AM

        by janrinok (52) Subscriber Badge on Saturday August 16 2014, @05:47AM (#82003) Journal

        You appear to have little to no knowledge of how this site works.

        The editors have never deleted comments - we have no mechanism to do so.

        The moderation of comments is done by all community members - the editors on this site have no additional rights or privileges when it comes to moderation. If you think that comments are being 'deleted' it is because your fellow community members are moderating the posts downwards because what is being posted is inflammatory, inappropriate, off-topic or straight-forward trolling. If you browse this thread at level 0 you will see every post.

        The editors will not, indeed, cannot 'back off' - what is happening is nothing to do with the eds.

        • (Score: 3, Funny) by janrinok on Saturday August 16 2014, @05:49AM

          by janrinok (52) Subscriber Badge on Saturday August 16 2014, @05:49AM (#82004) Journal

          It seems,AC, that you are being modded down even as I write. Try browsing at level -1.

  • (Score: 2) by aristarchus on Saturday August 16 2014, @08:42AM

    by aristarchus (2645) on Saturday August 16 2014, @08:42AM (#82021) Journal

    Seems like nothing can be said. Even history is swallowed by present atrocity. But the silence itself is telling. Apartheid fell, not because it was not willing to use any amount of violence, but because it gained the disapproval of the rest of the world. We are coming close to this, even if no one dares say it. No one has to say it. "Bro, you messing up!" Intervention?

    • (Score: 2) by Phoenix666 on Saturday August 16 2014, @12:36PM

      by Phoenix666 (552) on Saturday August 16 2014, @12:36PM (#82058) Journal

      It has been toxic in the past, but we are past its peak toxicity. John J. Mearsheimer of the University of Chicago and Stephen M. Walt of Harvard, the fathers of modern International Relations theory, authored a paper in 2006, "The Israel Lobby and U.S. Foreign Policy" [uchicago.edu] that exposed how the U.S.'s relationship with Israel brings it no benefits at all and possibly hurts it more than having no relationship would. In the same year, President Jimmy Carter, the only person in the world who has successfully brokered peace between Israel and Arabs, published a book [wikipedia.org] that called Israel an apartheid state. Those are some pretty high-profile, unassailable critics of Israel and its policies.

      --
      Washington DC delenda est.