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Scientists at the Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry in Martinsried near Munich and at the MPI of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics in Dresden have now drawn a detailed map of human protein interactions. Using a novel mass spectrometric quantification method, the researchers determined the strength of each interaction. "Our data revealed that most interactions are weak, but critical for the structure of the entire network," explains Marco Hein, first author of the study. The paper has now been published in the journal Cell.
Proteins are the building blocks and central protagonists of the cell and contribute to all processes of life at the molecular level. They carry out their tasks by binding to each other and building interaction networks. With the help of quantitative mass spectrometry, scientists can determine precisely which proteins interact with each other. The technology can be described as molecular fishing: One protein is selected as bait. Fishing it out of a complex mixture retrieves all its interaction partners as well, which are then identified by a mass spectrometer. Scientists from Martinsried and Dresden have now analyzed 1,100 such bait proteins in a large-scale project. They mapped a network of over 5,400 proteins, which are connected by 28,000 interactions.
The different interactions have very distinct properties. Some connections are strong and serve a structural role, others are weak and transient, for instance in signal transduction pathways. Measuring the strength of an interaction is very laborious and hence complicated in high throughput studies. Using a novel strategy, the German scientists established a method of estimating the strength of each interaction indirectly. They measure the copy numbers of all proteins in the cell, and quantify the ratio at which each interactor is retrieved along with its corresponding bait protein. The stronger an interaction, the more of an interactor is recovered.
(Score: 3, Informative) by Phoenix666 on Sunday October 25 2015, @03:13AM
It's a mapping endeavor analogous to the Human Genome Project. Now that the genome itself has been largely mapped, deciphering protein production has become a new frontier. Wikipedia makes the scope of understanding protein production pretty clear:
If you have followed the FoldIt @ Home project [fold.it], it's the same thing. Figuring out all the ways proteins can fold is a daunting task, so they crowd-sourced it with FoldIt.
Washington DC delenda est.
(Score: 0) by Anonymous Coward on Sunday October 25 2015, @12:06PM
Genes code proteins, so protein mapping is the logical progression of gene mapping.
Ok, that works.