Arthur T Knackerbracket has found the following story:
Deprived of oxygen, naked mole-rats can survive by metabolizing fructose just as plants do, researchers report this week in the journal Science.
Understanding how the animals do this could lead to treatments for patients suffering crises of oxygen deprivation, as in heart attacks and strokes.
[...] In humans, laboratory mice, and all other known mammals, when brain cells are starved of oxygen they run out of energy and begin to die.
But naked mole-rats have a backup: their brain cells start burning fructose, which produces energy anaerobically through a metabolic pathway that is only used by plants -- or so scientists thought.
In the new study, the researchers exposed naked mole-rats to low oxygen conditions in the laboratory and found that they released large amounts of fructose into the bloodstream. The fructose, the scientists found, was transported into brain cells by molecular fructose pumps that in all other mammals are found only on cells of the intestine.
[...] At oxygen levels low enough to kill a human within minutes, naked mole-rats can survive for at least five hours... They go into a state of suspended animation, reducing their movement and dramatically slowing their pulse and breathing rate to conserve energy. And they begin using fructose until oxygen is available again.
[...] The scientists also showed that naked mole-rats are protected from another deadly aspect of low oxygen -- a buildup of fluid in the lungs called pulmonary edema that afflicts mountain climbers at high altitude.
The scientists think that the naked mole-rats' unusual metabolism is an adaptation for living in their oxygen-poor burrows. Unlike other subterranean mammals, naked mole-rats live in hyper-crowded conditions, packed in with hundreds of colony mates. With so many animals living together in unventilated tunnels, oxygen supplies are quickly depleted.
Journal Reference:
Thomas J. Park, et al.. Fructose-driven glycolysis supports anoxia resistance in the naked mole-rat. Science, 2017; 356 (6335): 307 DOI: 10.1126/science.aab3896
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(Score: 2) by fishybell on Friday April 21 2017, @03:25PM (1 child)
My assumption is that the oxygen supplies drop relatively slowly and at different rates throughout the hive as the mole-rats move around. I further assume that the biggest benefit is in allowing them to live environments where the oxygen levels goes up and down very often, which would be very damaging to most mammals.
There are obviously a lot of assumptions going on here, and I'm too lazy to RTFA, which likely has a better explanation.
(Score: 0) by Anonymous Coward on Friday April 21 2017, @11:18PM
Snakes and parasites are going to have it rough without oxygen.