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posted by cmn32480 on Monday August 28 2017, @03:11AM   Printer-friendly
from the potty-training-targets dept.

From ArsTechnica

General Mills argued that it deserved to be awarded the trademark status because "consumers have come to identify the color yellow" on boxes of oats cereal with "the Cheerios brand." It has been marketed in yellow packaging since 1945, with billions in sales.

The board noted that "there is no doubt that a single color applied to a product or its packaging may function as a trademark and be entitled to registration under the Trademark Act." But that's only if those colors have become "inherently distinctive" in the eyes of consumers. Some of those examples include UPS "Brown;" T-Mobile "Magenta;" Target "Red;" John Deere "Green & Yellow;" and Home Depot "Orange." It goes without saying that anybody can still use those colors predominately in their marketing, but not direct competitors.

Regarding the box of Cheerios, however, the court ruled that consumers don't necessarily associate the yellow box of cereal with Cheerios, despite General Mills' assertion to the contrary. Consumers are confronted with a multitude of yellow boxes of oats cereal, the appeal board noted. By comparison, T-Mobile has only a handful of competitors, and none of them uses the magenta color as a distinctive mark, the appeal board said.

-- submitted from IRC


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  • (Score: 2) by Runaway1956 on Monday August 28 2017, @06:59AM (13 children)

    by Runaway1956 (2926) Subscriber Badge on Monday August 28 2017, @06:59AM (#560085) Journal

    Curiosity is rising it's ugly head here.

    How many readily recognizable colors are there? I mean for the typical person, how many different colors do you readily recognize? Magenta is mentioned in TFS - but for me, that is almost a meaningless term. "Some kind of red" is as close as I can come to magenta.

    Cheerios yellow? Looks about the same as the yellow "caution" paint that I slap onto things at work. Almost the same as the yellow light that glows before the red one comes on. Is Cheerio's yellow really a color, or is it just a generic yellow? Women expecially - when you go shopping, do you look for a specific shade of yellow to locate your Cheerios? Personally, I wander down the aisle, looking for the word "Cheerios". The color just blends into all the other bright/light colors on the shelves.

    John Deere green has some meaning to me. It does seem to be almost unique, and I can usually spot it - unless of course, it's parked at the edge of a field with nice dark green trees behind it.

    I guess what I'm asking is, whether colors have real meaning to most people, in regards to branding. To me, it's all pretty meaningless. Why would I even WANT to stake a claim to a color?

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  • (Score: 0) by Anonymous Coward on Monday August 28 2017, @07:54AM

    by Anonymous Coward on Monday August 28 2017, @07:54AM (#560093)

    > Why would I even WANT to stake a claim to a color?

    Rent seeking behavior + power + control.

    Intellectual property means anybody who uses that IP must license it from you. By owning a color, you've effectively created a scenario where suddenly people who know absolutely nothing about you and have no relationship with you whatsoever - owe you money. And if they don't pay you, you can use the courts to force it out of them. And if they don't pay you a sufficient amount, you can even force them out of business. It's literally a legalized protection racket. 'Oh.. you want to use this color? I see. Well you know, there are some people who don't want you to use it (looks with a smirk over his shoulder at the crew of lawyers he brought with him). But we can work something out. For just a small fee I can protect you from them. Otherwise I don't know. It'd be a shame if anything bad happened to this little business you've got going.'

  • (Score: 2) by Virindi on Monday August 28 2017, @10:40AM (8 children)

    by Virindi (3484) on Monday August 28 2017, @10:40AM (#560147)

    Women expecially

    What the heck does gender have to do with this? Are you fishing for a particular response by throwing this in? :)

    When I am in the cereal aisle, I see a pretty even mix of genders.

    To me, the idea that color can be trademarked seems overbroad since it is aesthetic (the same problem applies to trademarks on "form factor" such as with gopro). But, I also dislike trademarks which are descriptive of the product, since descriptive marks are often used to trick the consumer into thinking it is describing a fact. Both seem like a case where "whoever snaps it up first" gets a big advantage, and trademarks should not be like that. Also with both types of marks, a situation can arise where all the good descriptive words for a thing or all the attractive colors for the target audience are already taken. This hurts the consumer by making it harder to fairly compete in a crowded market.

    All trademarks should be abstract and merely serve as an identifier to the consumer as to the origin of the product.

    • (Score: 4, Insightful) by Runaway1956 on Monday August 28 2017, @12:08PM (4 children)

      by Runaway1956 (2926) Subscriber Badge on Monday August 28 2017, @12:08PM (#560179) Journal

      Gender is relevant. Color vision. One out of every four men is at LEAST a little bit color blind. You'll search a long time to find a woman who has any trace of color vision. It's gender linked. Obviously, you're not familiar with all of that crap - MOST men have a color deficiency in either the red or the green spectrum. Some few of us are deficient in BOTH red and green.

      If you are EVER in doubt about a color, ask a woman. The chances a woman being unsure are very, very, very slim.

      And, no need to thank me. I enjoy triggering people early in the morning!!

      This lady's numbers are somewhat different than I learned, but I'll throw her article out there for you anyway - https://www.news-medical.net/health/Color-Blindness-Prevalence.aspx [news-medical.net]
      Some more numbers, and related links from this page - http://www.colour-blindness.com/general/prevalence/ [colour-blindness.com]

      • (Score: 2) by Runaway1956 on Monday August 28 2017, @12:13PM

        by Runaway1956 (2926) Subscriber Badge on Monday August 28 2017, @12:13PM (#560183) Journal

        Ehhh, let me correct my error before someone else does.

        "You'll search a long time to find a woman who has any trace of color deficiency."

      • (Score: 2) by Virindi on Monday August 28 2017, @12:14PM (2 children)

        by Virindi (3484) on Monday August 28 2017, @12:14PM (#560184)

        I am aware of colorblindness but it doesn't seem relevant to this discussion. The way I see it, a colorblind person will always see "Cheerios yellow" as the same color. It doesn't matter if to them it is some different color than what I see.

        • (Score: 2) by Runaway1956 on Monday August 28 2017, @01:07PM

          by Runaway1956 (2926) Subscriber Badge on Monday August 28 2017, @01:07PM (#560213) Journal

          Some explanation is in order, it seems. You say that this particular shade of yellow will always look the same to me - and - I can't argue that. It can't look any different, one day to the next. No, I'm not blue or yellow color blind, so that yellow should always stand out. Except, it doesn't, exactly. Lighting, decor, the colors of things in the vicinity of the Cheerios box, all have an effect on what I percieve. Put up some Christmas decorations, and that Cheerios yellow will stand out plainly. Go with Halloween decorations, and Cheerios begins to fade. Put the cereal aisle near the front or side of the store with windows, I'll see the yellow right away. In another store, with dingy flourescent lighting far from the storefront, that box looks quite different.

          And, we're back to my original post, really. I can't explain my world of color to you, and I don't suppose anyone is going to explain how many colors they can readily identify to me.

          This is one reason that I dislike "warm" lighting, and prefer "daylight" over any other color/temperature of lighting. I can see a lot more color in daylight, than in any other lighting. Or course, even then, I can't see much more than a fraction of reds and greens.

        • (Score: 2) by urza9814 on Tuesday August 29 2017, @01:42PM

          by urza9814 (3954) on Tuesday August 29 2017, @01:42PM (#560810) Journal

          There's more to it than just colorblindness. Look up "tetrachromacy" -- most people have three cone cells used to detect colors, but some appear to have four, which may allow them to see more color variation than the rest of us. When I read about this previously it was said that it was only possible in women, although Wikipedia does mention that some studies now show a very small fraction of men may have it as well:

          http://discovermagazine.com/2012/jul-aug/06-humans-with-super-human-vision [discovermagazine.com]
          https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrachromacy#Humans [wikipedia.org]

    • (Score: 4, Informative) by Zinho on Monday August 28 2017, @02:14PM (2 children)

      by Zinho (759) on Monday August 28 2017, @02:14PM (#560241)

      What the heck does gender have to do with this? Are you fishing for a particular response by throwing this in? :)

      Obligatory XKCD link. [xkcd.com]

      Funny thing is, the XKCD color survey kinda shows that women think of colors mostly in the same terms as men - by which I mean words used to describe them.

      I think the "women especially" stereotype comes from the fact that many more words are used to market colors to women than are used to market colors to men. You're much more likely to see a green article described as "lime", "clover", or "seafoam" when being sold to a woman than when sold to a man. There's probably a bunch of psychology associated with this, boiling down to "men don't care" and "women respond to it".

      It's possible that trademark law starts creeping in here, as it's probably easier to get trademark protection on a lipstick formula when it's marketed as "Maybelline (R) Sweet Maraschino (TM) Lipstick". Also, with 50 different red lipsticks the vendor has to do something to differentiate products in their own line. The irony for me is that among the women I know the go-to technique for finding their preferred color again isn't to look for the fancy color name; instead, they remember the brand and the associated number (which was probably assigned serially by order of formulation, they don't group nicely by color when sorted by number). The marketers would probably do just as well to have a gamut of nice colors with easy to read numbers as the product name.

      --
      "Space Exploration is not endless circles in low earth orbit." -Buzz Aldrin
      • (Score: 3, Interesting) by cmdrklarg on Monday August 28 2017, @07:23PM

        by cmdrklarg (5048) Subscriber Badge on Monday August 28 2017, @07:23PM (#560422)

        I think the "women especially" stereotype comes from the fact that many more words are used to market colors to women than are used to market colors to men. You're much more likely to see a green article described as "lime", "clover", or "seafoam" when being sold to a woman than when sold to a man. There's probably a bunch of psychology associated with this, boiling down to "men don't care" and "women respond to it".

        Back in college I was taking a German language class. During an in-class exercise the instructor pointed at this girl's sweater and asked her (in German) "What color is your sweater?" The expected answer was "rot" (red).

        She then proceeded to hem and haw, "Well, it's kind of a crimson..."

        The instructor's exasperated rant was just priceless.

        --
        The world is full of kings and queens who blind your eyes and steal your dreams.
      • (Score: 2) by Runaway1956 on Monday August 28 2017, @11:28PM

        by Runaway1956 (2926) Subscriber Badge on Monday August 28 2017, @11:28PM (#560581) Journal

        "Some were obviously using scripts; based on the filter’s certainty, the #1 spammer in the database was someone who named 2,400 colors—all with the same racial slur."

        So, our own Ethanol Fueled participated in the survey? Interesting. Thanks for the link, I've never seen that one!

  • (Score: 2) by JoeMerchant on Monday August 28 2017, @11:41AM (1 child)

    by JoeMerchant (3937) on Monday August 28 2017, @11:41AM (#560168)

    Cheerios tried to "own" yellow in the cereal aisle. The court ruled that they were too late, and far too many other boxes of oat cereal have been, and are currently, marketed in yellow boxes. Seems reasonable to me.

    --
    🌻🌻 [google.com]
    • (Score: 0) by Anonymous Coward on Monday August 28 2017, @12:02PM

      by Anonymous Coward on Monday August 28 2017, @12:02PM (#560176)

      Have they trademarked the "hole"?

  • (Score: 1) by gtomorrow on Monday August 28 2017, @05:42PM

    by gtomorrow (2230) on Monday August 28 2017, @05:42PM (#560346)

    "Some kind of red" is as close as I can come to magenta.

    Congratulations! You perceive colors slightly better than your average dog. :'D

    But seriously, in your defense, I'm sure you can see AND discern all the 16M+ colors in the visible-to-humans spectrum. Maybe the problem is verbalizing the differences between, say, tomato red and apple red, or possibly giving that difference any importance. I'm pretty sure that at your work, you say you use a certain yellow "caution" paint. I'm betting (in your favor) that if perchance one day a batch of that paint comes in with a slight variance, you'd pick it off immediately.

    Next...

    I guess what I'm asking is, whether colors have real meaning to most people, in regards to branding. To me, it's all pretty meaningless. Why would I even WANT to stake a claim to a color?

    Tell that to Coca-Cola, Ferrari, or Marlboro.