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posted by Fnord666 on Thursday December 28 2017, @08:41PM   Printer-friendly
from the mutation-central dept.

Despite the harsh radiation released by pulsars, exoplanets orbiting them may be "habitable" if their atmospheres are thick enough:

The most exciting exoplanet finds are those that orbit within their host star's habitable zone, an area at just the right distance from the star to allow for liquid surface water and thus, potentially life. The paper's authors, two astronomers at Leiden Observatory in the Netherlands, suggest that pulsars have their own habitable zones — surprising, given the harsh X-rays and other radiation that such stars emit.

But, if a planet is big enough — some one to 10 times Earth's mass — and it has an atmosphere at least 1 million times as thick as Earth's, then it might just cut it as habitable even around a pulsar. The idea is that the enormous atmosphere would act as a shield for the planet's surface, absorbing the deadly radiation while still allowing for enough heat to melt water. And a bigger world, preferably with a decent magnetic field, is necessary to hold on to that atmosphere over long enough time scales.

It doesn't sound like complex life would make the cut.

Neutron star planets: Atmospheric processes and irradiation (open, DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201731102) (DX)

Of the roughly 3000 neutron stars known, only a handful have sub-stellar companions. The most famous of these are the low-mass planets around the millisecond pulsar B1257+12. New evidence indicates that observational biases could still hide a wide variety of planetary systems around most neutron stars. We consider the environment and physical processes relevant to neutron star planets, in particular the effect of X-ray irradiation and the relativistic pulsar wind on the planetary atmosphere. We discuss the survival time of planet atmospheres and the planetary surface conditions around different classes of neutron stars, and define a neutron star habitable zone based on the presence of liquid water and retention of an atmosphere. Depending on as-yet poorly constrained aspects of the pulsar wind, both Super-Earths around B1257+12 could lie within its habitable zone.


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  • (Score: 4, Interesting) by Immerman on Thursday December 28 2017, @09:52PM

    by Immerman (3985) on Thursday December 28 2017, @09:52PM (#615277)

    Life had been thriving on Earth for hundreds of millions of years before the first, water-dwelling, organisms evolved photosensitivity - and it was likely used to flee the dangerous UV radiation from daylight.

    Even rudimentry pit eyes only evolved about 600 million years ago, leaving billions of years of life thriving on Earth without using light as a significant sense. Even today some surface and near-surface dwelling animals are completely blind, such as worms and harvestmen (aka daddy longlegs). Not to mention the entire plant and fungal kingdoms, bacteria, etc - many of which can detect light, but can't "see" in any meaningful sense.

    Basically, the vast majority of life on Earth can't see, so I really doubt that a lack of light it would be a problem on another world. It would quite likely keep photosynthesis from being useful though, which would quite possibly mean no oxygen atmosphere, which in turn could mean that fast-moving complex organisms would be rare or nonexistent, though potentially some other high-density energy source would be found in the place of convenient high-energy oxidation reactions.

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