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A flip-flop is one of the most basic digital electronic circuits. It can most easily be built from just two transistors, although they can and have been built out of vacuum tubes, NAND and NOR gates, and Minecraft redstone. Conventional wisdom says you can't build a flip-flop with just one transistor, but here we are. [roelh] has built a flip-flop circuit using only one transistor and some bizarre logic that's been slowly developing over on hackaday.io.
[...] The single-transistor flip-flop works just like any other flip-flop — there are set and reset pulses, and a feedback loop to keep the whatever state the output is in alive. The key difference here is the addition of a clock signal. This clock, along with a few capacitors and a pair of diodes, give this single transistor the ability to store a single bit of information, just like any other flip-flop.
That's damned nifty.
Source: https://hackaday.com/2018/04/18/the-one-transistor-flip-flop/
(Score: 2) by c0lo on Thursday April 19 2018, @05:47AM (16 children)
The output is a square wave for 1, and nothing for 0.
Maybe it worth building a quasi-quantum computer with it?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aoFiw2jMy-0 https://soylentnews.org/~MichaelDavidCrawford
(Score: 0) by Anonymous Coward on Thursday April 19 2018, @06:03AM (9 children)
Use more capacitors.
(Score: 2) by c0lo on Thursday April 19 2018, @06:18AM (7 children)
Lose more time in delays. With the transistors so cheap, why use capacitors when you can etch transistors?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aoFiw2jMy-0 https://soylentnews.org/~MichaelDavidCrawford
(Score: 1, Touché) by Anonymous Coward on Thursday April 19 2018, @07:46AM (1 child)
Because hackaday wants to use a single transistor rather than flip-flops.
(Score: 2) by c0lo on Thursday April 19 2018, @10:37AM
Don't get me wrong, I do appreciate it, as a clever hack, that is. It may be useful someday.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aoFiw2jMy-0 https://soylentnews.org/~MichaelDavidCrawford
(Score: 2) by bob_super on Thursday April 19 2018, @07:48AM (4 children)
Because you want many billion on one piece of Si, so anyone who opens the door to using less transistors is welcome.
The next guy might refine this design and give us a significant step in memory density.
Or it could be a dead end.
But it's worth exploring, just in case.
(Score: 4, Insightful) by c0lo on Thursday April 19 2018, @10:23AM (1 child)
It's a single transistor and two diodes. Guess what two diodes are equivalent with?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aoFiw2jMy-0 https://soylentnews.org/~MichaelDavidCrawford
(Score: 2) by RS3 on Thursday April 19 2018, @05:04PM
I'm not an IC designer, but I recall that most diodes in ICs are just 1/2 of a transistor. I forget the reasoning but basically it ends up being easier in the process.
While I'm at it, I'm not so thrilled with this circuit, but to be fair I've been doing circuits for a long time. A standard flip-flop is 2 transistors and 4 resistors. This thing is 6 resistors (one for the input is not shown!), 2 diodes, 2 capacitors, 1 transistor, and no partridge in a pear tree. And _must_ be clocked, even if you aren't doing clocked logic.
Capacitors are always a pain in an IC, and can only be very low capacitance value, on the order of a few pF. This thing would be huge on an IC scale.
There are 4-layer semiconductors which will remain in conduction once triggered on, and can be triggered off. They're not used much in logic because they're slow.
http://www.circuitstoday.com/scs-silicon-controlled-switch [circuitstoday.com]
https://www.allaboutcircuits.com/textbook/semiconductors/chpt-7/silicon-controlled-switch-scs/ [allaboutcircuits.com]
http://www.circuitstoday.com/gcs-gate-controlled-switch [circuitstoday.com]
(Score: 2) by The Mighty Buzzard on Thursday April 19 2018, @11:12AM
Oh it's a dead end. It's a neat dead end though.
My rights don't end where your fear begins.
(Score: 0) by Anonymous Coward on Thursday April 19 2018, @08:48PM
How will we make connections for many billions of corresponding external capacitors, when copper pillar pitch is dozens of μm?
Or shall we include these lolhuge capacitors on-die, just to make it bigger and more expensive than using more tiny transistors?
He uses two 1500pF caps for clocks down to 200kHz. Scaling that to a minimum clock of 1GHz, that's "only" 0.3pF.
I did a little research to double-check my intuition on this; I found data relating the 65nm process node first, so that's what I went with.
At 2 fF/μm2, which is optimistic, each capacitor is 12μm by 12μm. Considering a 6T SRAM cell being well below 1μm2, that's easily enough for dozens of flip-flops.
I won't say it can't have some useful application somewhere, but cramming billions of flipflops in a chip definitely isn't it.
(Score: 2) by DannyB on Friday April 20 2018, @04:42PM
Eat more capacitors.
sign placard worn by a cow
The lower I set my standards the more accomplishments I have.
(Score: 1) by tftp on Thursday April 19 2018, @06:05AM (4 children)
(Score: 2) by c0lo on Thursday April 19 2018, @06:19AM (2 children)
A bit that takes a while to read.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aoFiw2jMy-0 https://soylentnews.org/~MichaelDavidCrawford
(Score: 2) by kazzie on Thursday April 19 2018, @09:49AM (1 child)
Sure, but that's no excuse for not reading TFA!
(Score: 2) by c0lo on Thursday April 19 2018, @10:20AM
I read it. It's intellectually interesting, I can't find a use for it myself for the moment, good to keep a bookmark on it.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aoFiw2jMy-0 https://soylentnews.org/~MichaelDavidCrawford
(Score: 0) by Anonymous Coward on Thursday April 19 2018, @07:02AM
When I see "flip-flop", I think "bistable multivibrator".
That typically has 1 connection each for power, ground, input, and output.
It's sometimes used as a divide-by-2 element (e.g. to get octaves in electronic organs).
FTFS: a clock signal
What this thing is is a D flip-flop ("D" for "data").
As you say, that's a 1-bit RAM.
-- OriginalOwner_ [soylentnews.org]
(Score: 1) by GDX on Thursday April 19 2018, @08:51PM
If you go to the io page: https://hackaday.io/project/112126-one-transistor-flipflop [hackaday.io] there is an improved version: https://hackaday.io/project/112126-one-transistor-flipflop/log/135957-improved-version [hackaday.io] , that have a output of constant +v for 1 or and 0v for 0.