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posted by martyb on Thursday May 17 2018, @01:28AM   Printer-friendly
from the how-many-times-did-it-evolve-on-Vulcan? dept.

Why Do Some Lizards Have Green Blood?

A study [open, DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aao5017] [DX] published Tuesday suggests seems that this lime-green blood has evolved independently several times in lizards.

Scientists are now trying to understand how these lizards might benefit from blood that's green. The answer could provide new insights into human illnesses like jaundice and malaria.

The weird blood has been found in skinks that live in New Guinea, an island off of Australia, and its bright color is striking. "There's so much green pigment in the blood that it overshadows the brilliant crimson coloration of red blood cells," says Chris Austin, a biologist at Louisiana State University who has studied these lizards for decades. "The bones are green, the muscles are green, the tissues are green, the tongue and mucosal lining is green."

All that green comes from high levels of biliverdin, a toxic waste product made during the body's normal breakdown of red blood cells. In humans, high levels of a similar bile pigment called bilirubin make people sick with jaundice, but the lizards seem unaffected.

"I find it just absolutely remarkable that you've got this group of vertebrates, these lizards, that have a level of biliverdin that would kill a human being, and yet they're out catching insects and living lizard lives," says Susan Perkins, a researcher at the American Museum of Natural History in New York.

[...] Austin, Perkins, and their colleague Zachary Rodriguez decided to create a kind of lizard family tree by studying the DNA of 51 Australasian skink species, including six species that have green blood.

[...] What the researchers found [...] suggests that the ancestors of all of the lizards had red blood, and that green blood then evolved independently four times, in separate lineages.

Also at New Scientist and The Atlantic.


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  • (Score: 3, Insightful) by Runaway1956 on Thursday May 17 2018, @02:19AM (6 children)

    by Runaway1956 (2926) Subscriber Badge on Thursday May 17 2018, @02:19AM (#680593) Journal

    To be fair, Canada is "off of Australia", as is Russia, Antarctica, Brazil - the list goes on. Only Australia is on Australia.

    I had a pretty good idea how New Guinea looks on the map, but I did a search anyway, to be more sure. I chose this link first: https://www.worldatlas.com/oc/pg/where-is-papua-new-guinea.html [worldatlas.com]

    Located in the continent of Oceania, Papua New Guinea covers 452,860 square kilometers of land and 9,980 square kilometers of water, making it the 55th largest nation in the world with a total area of 462,840 square kilometers.

    The perception that conservatives are anti-science may possibly be due to crap like that. We decide planets aren't planets anymore, then that islands are continents, and the list goes on. To hell with science, and worldatlas. New Guinea is a pretty big island, but it's still an island. It didn't just grow to continental proportions in the past couple of years.

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  • (Score: 2) by PartTimeZombie on Thursday May 17 2018, @02:28AM (4 children)

    by PartTimeZombie (4827) on Thursday May 17 2018, @02:28AM (#680596)

    No, you're quite right.

    If I said "Great Barrier Island" I might lose my readers, and probably should put something like "Great Barrier island, in the Hauraki Gulf off the coast of Auckland, New Zealand" but surely everyone would know where New Guinea is?

    After all, we've all seen La Vallée [wikipedia.org] haven't we?

    • (Score: 3, Funny) by Runaway1956 on Thursday May 17 2018, @03:00AM (3 children)

      by Runaway1956 (2926) Subscriber Badge on Thursday May 17 2018, @03:00AM (#680604) Journal

      Lose the readers? Depends on how many of your readers are American, I would say. :^)

      • (Score: 1, Informative) by Anonymous Coward on Thursday May 17 2018, @03:11AM

        by Anonymous Coward on Thursday May 17 2018, @03:11AM (#680609)

        Do Americans know how to read? Still?
        Hasn't reading banned yet? It's a serious impediment to the democratic process of lobbying!

      • (Score: 2) by PartTimeZombie on Thursday May 17 2018, @03:25AM

        by PartTimeZombie (4827) on Thursday May 17 2018, @03:25AM (#680612)

        I say, steady on now.

      • (Score: 0) by Anonymous Coward on Thursday May 17 2018, @03:50AM

        by Anonymous Coward on Thursday May 17 2018, @03:50AM (#680617)

        If they're American they'll now think New Guinea is in or near Europe ;).

        http://www.abc.net.au/news/2007-09-08/bush-backs-austrian-troops-at-opec/663606 [abc.net.au]

  • (Score: 1, Redundant) by Arik on Thursday May 17 2018, @02:37AM

    by Arik (4543) on Thursday May 17 2018, @02:37AM (#680599) Journal
    "The perception that conservatives are anti-science may possibly be due to crap like that. We decide planets aren't planets anymore, then that islands are continents, and the list goes on. To hell with science, and worldatlas. New Guinea is a pretty big island, but it's still an island. It didn't just grow to continental proportions in the past couple of years."

    That crap ticks me off and there's nothing "anti-science" about it. Quite to the contrary. The unfortunate thing is not science, it's all the half-wits (and some full-wits as well, I'm looking at you Michael E. Brown) that make a parody of it.

    Scientism, the reverence of sciency-sounding things and persons with sciency-sounding job titles, is not science; and opposing it is not anti-science.
    --
    If laughter is the best medicine, who are the best doctors?