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posted by janrinok on Monday January 27 2020, @05:46PM   Printer-friendly

Arthur T Knackerbracket has found the following story:

Political polarization among Americans has grown rapidly in the last 40 years—more than in Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia or Germany—a phenomenon possibly due to increased racial division, the rise of partisan cable news and changes in the composition of the Democratic and Republican parties.

That's according to new research co-authored by Jesse Shapiro, a professor of political economy at Brown University. The study, conducted alongside Stanford University economists Levi Boxell and Matthew Gentzkow, was released on Monday, Jan. 20, as a National Bureau of Economic Research working paper.

In the study, Shapiro and colleagues present the first ever multi-nation evidence on long-term trends in "affective polarization"—a phenomenon in which citizens feel more negatively toward other political parties than toward their own. They found that in the U.S., affective polarization has increased more dramatically since the late 1970s than in the eight other countries they examined—the U.K., Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Germany, Switzerland, Norway and Sweden.

"A lot of analysis on polarization is focused on the U.S., so we thought it could be interesting to put the U.S. in context and see whether it is part of a global trend or whether it looks more exceptional," Shapiro said. "We found that the trend in the U.S. is indeed exceptional."

Using data from four decades of public opinion surveys conducted in the nine countries, the researchers used a so-called "feeling thermometer" to rate attitudes on a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 reflected no negative feelings toward other parties. They found that in 1978, the average American rated the members of their own political party 27 points higher than members of the other major party. By 2016, Americans were rating their own party 45.9 points higher than the other party, on average. In other words, negative feelings toward members of the other party compared to one's own party increased by an average of 4.8 points per decade.

The researchers found that polarization had also risen in Canada, New Zealand and Switzerland in the last 40 years, but to a lesser extent. In the U.K., Australia, Germany, Norway and Sweden, polarization decreased.

More information: Levi Boxell et al, Cross-Country Trends in Affective Polarization, (2020). DOI: 10.3386/w26669


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  • (Score: 3, Funny) by edIII on Monday January 27 2020, @08:59PM (6 children)

    by edIII (791) on Monday January 27 2020, @08:59PM (#949561)

    You, Sir, Can burn in Hell.

    There is no such thing as "NotTimmys". It's Timmys for ever, or get the fuck out :)

    Damn, now I have to go find coffee and a donut......

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  • (Score: 2) by Gaaark on Monday January 27 2020, @09:26PM

    by Gaaark (41) on Monday January 27 2020, @09:26PM (#949580) Journal

    Coffee now makes my stomach turn (i used to drink it black and STRONG) and donuts have gluten and or dairy, so Timmy's is out.

    I get gluten free/dairy free pizza...................................................

    .........................................so yeah......................................................................

    ..............i suck.
    ;)

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    --- Please remind me if I haven't been civil to you: I'm channeling MDC. ---Gaaark 2.0 ---
  • (Score: 2) by barbara hudson on Tuesday January 28 2020, @02:53AM (4 children)

    by barbara hudson (6443) <barbara.Jane.hudson@icloud.com> on Tuesday January 28 2020, @02:53AM (#949781) Journal

    Fuck Timmy's. They're no longer Canadian, they keep shrinking the donuts and changing the box in the hope that people won't realize they're paying more for less, their donuts are parbaked and frozen in a factory in Ontario, then shipped cross-country and nuked on-site (which is why the sugar tastes of being partially crystallized and the donuts have a dense consistency), franchisees have been punished for trying to make bigger donuts for the same price as they used to, so fuck Timmy's.

    They're pushing the coffee because they sure as hell can't push the donuts.

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    SoylentNews is social media. Says so right in the slogan. Soylentnews is people, not tech.
    • (Score: 2) by edIII on Tuesday January 28 2020, @05:44AM (3 children)

      by edIII (791) on Tuesday January 28 2020, @05:44AM (#949912)

      It's been over 10 years since I've been to one, but my memories of Timmy's are nothing what like you describe. They were damn good donuts when I had them.

      Everything gets ruined by greed eventually :(

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      Technically, lunchtime is at any moment. It's just a wave function.
      • (Score: 0) by Anonymous Coward on Tuesday January 28 2020, @11:59AM

        by Anonymous Coward on Tuesday January 28 2020, @11:59AM (#950023)

        Everything gets ruined by greed eventually :(

        Not everything. The greed itself just gets better under the circumstances.

      • (Score: 2) by barbara hudson on Tuesday January 28 2020, @03:46PM (1 child)

        by barbara hudson (6443) <barbara.Jane.hudson@icloud.com> on Tuesday January 28 2020, @03:46PM (#950099) Journal

        The chain got sold, then sold again [wikipedia.org] ... everything is half-baked, frozen, then shipped to the franchisees. And there have been franchisee revolts

        On August 26, 2014, Burger King agreed to purchase Tim Hortons for US$11.4 billion;[12] the chain became a subsidiary of the Canadian holding company Restaurant Brands International, which is majority-owned by Brazilian investment firm 3G Capital, on December 15, 2014.[13]

        Even the original owner said, before he died, that the half-baked microwave donuts taste like crap.

        Baking methods and lawsuit

        Coupled with the expansion and expanded menu came the outsourcing of baked goods. Doughnuts, which used to be made at night to be ready for the morning rush, are now parbaked – partly cooked and then frozen and delivered to every restaurant in Canada from Brantford, Ontario.[73] Each restaurant bakes microwaves (edit: see the section about franchises being required to purchase more microwaves below) and finishes the product throughout the day. As of April 2007, many of the various muffin batters were being revoked, as frozen, pre-made and pre-wrapped muffins were being introduced at Tim Hortons locations.[136]

        Tim Hortons switch to the Parbaking system disappointed some customers, who noted that it contradicts the chain's "always fresh" slogan. David Swick reported in the Halifax Daily News on September 19, 2003, Tim Hortons outlets in Atlantic Canada would no longer serve fresh doughnuts, but rather doughnuts that had been remotely factory-fried and then frozen and shipped.[137] In 2008, two franchisees initiated a class-action lawsuit against the parent company for the switch to parbaking, "claiming breach of contract, breach of duty of fair dealing, negligent misrepresentation, and unjust enrichment".[138] The lawsuit cited that parbaking tripled the franchisee's fixed cost to produce a doughnut (from 6 cents per doughnut to 18 cents),[139] required the purchase of new freezers and microwaves, and reduced profitability for the franchises while increasing profits for the parent company.[138] Franchise owners are required to purchase food products from the Brantford-based parbaking company owned by IAWS Group PLC,[139] and had originally been told the price of each doughnut would be 11 or 12 cents (and each Timbit 4.6 cents).[140] The case was dismissed in February 2012.[141]

        A 2009 New York Times article contrasted the baked from scratch at stores approach of Krispy Kreme and some Dunkin' Donuts locations compared to the "flash frozen" and shipped Tim Hortons method. The Times article also noted an apparent scarcity of doughnut specialties such as the dutchie at newly opened Tim Hortons stores in New York City. Noting that "American visitors tend to flock to the sweets," including the "raisin-studded Dutchie", the Times found redemption among Canadians that the brand was once again a Canada-based company while contrasting the way politicians in the US "woo" soccer moms while in Canada they "go after Tim Hortons voters".[142]

        When you freeze foods made with baked flour, the starch molecules undergo a physical change (same reason frozen bread goes stale faster). If you want to eat donuts that are "pre-aged" to taste like they're 2 days old, go to Timmy's. I go to the local store and just buy a dozen honeyglazed for $2. The dogs like it, I like it, and it's never been frozen so it's still fresher the next day than anything from Tim Hortons.

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        SoylentNews is social media. Says so right in the slogan. Soylentnews is people, not tech.
        • (Score: 2) by edIII on Tuesday January 28 2020, @08:28PM

          by edIII (791) on Tuesday January 28 2020, @08:28PM (#950212)

          We need a +1 Sad-As-Fuck mod. My experiences were before Timmy's went to hell. Thanks for info, I don't have to bother going to a Timmy's if I'm in Canada again.

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          Technically, lunchtime is at any moment. It's just a wave function.