WASP-104b is Darker than Charcoal
By analysing the K2 short-cadence data from Campaign 14 we detect phase-curve modulation in the light curve of the hot-Jupiter host star WASP-104. The ellipsoidal modulation is detected with high significance and in agreement with theoretical expectations, while Doppler beaming and reflection modulations are detected tentatively. We show that the visual geometric albedo is lower than 0.03 at 95% confidence, making it one of the least-reflective planets found to date. The light curve also exhibits a rotational modulation, implying a stellar rotational period likely to be near 23 or 46 days. In addition, we refine the system parameters and place tight upper limits for transit timing and duration variations, starspot occultation events, and additional transiting planets.
WASP-104b's albedo was previously thought to be 0.4 (absorbing 60% of incoming light).
Also at ScienceAlert.
Related: NASA Finds a Pitch-Black Hot Jupiter Exoplanet (WASP-12b)
Related Stories
The oddball exoplanet, called WASP-12b, is one of a class of so-called "hot Jupiters," gigantic, gaseous planets that orbit very close to their host star and are heated to extreme temperatures. The planet's atmosphere is so hot that most molecules are unable to survive on the blistering day side of the planet, where the temperature is 4,600 degrees Fahrenheit. Therefore, clouds probably cannot form to reflect light back into space. Instead, incoming light penetrates deep into the planet's atmosphere where it is absorbed by hydrogen atoms and converted to heat energy.
"We did not expect to find such a dark exoplanet," said Taylor Bell of McGill University and the Institute for Research on Exoplanets in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, lead researcher of the Hubble study. "Most hot Jupiters reflect about 40 percent of starlight."
But the planet's nighttime side is a different story. WASP-12b has a fixed day side and night side because it orbits so close to the star that it is tidally locked. The nighttime side is more than 2,000 degrees Fahrenheit cooler, which allows water vapor and clouds to form. Previous Hubble observations of the day/night boundary detected evidence of water vapor and possibly clouds and hazes in the atmosphere. WASP-12b is about 2 million miles away from its star and completes an orbit once a day.
"This new Hubble research further demonstrates the vast diversity among the strange population of hot Jupiters," Bell said. "You can have planets like WASP-12b that are 4,600 degrees Fahrenheit and some that are 2,200 degrees Fahrenheit, and they're both called hot Jupiters. Past observations of hot Jupiters indicate that the temperature difference between the day and night sides of the planet increases with hotter day sides. This previous research suggests that more heat is being pumped into the day side of the planet, but the processes, such as winds, that carry the heat to the night side of the planet don't keep up the pace."
Also at Science Magazine, which managed to list temperatures in Celsius in its blurb about the exoplanet.
WASP-12b (and check out the file history for this image).
The Very Low Albedo of WASP-12b from Spectral Eclipse Observations with Hubble (DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/aa876c) (DX)
(Score: 2) by Immerman on Wednesday April 25 2018, @07:16PM (10 children)
As I recall the moon is similarly dark, only appearing bright thanks to the intense illumination.
(Score: 2) by takyon on Wednesday April 25 2018, @07:40PM (3 children)
The Moon's [wikipedia.org] albedo is 0.136. This object appears to be 0.03, and it's a "hot Jupiter".
[SIG] 10/28/2017: Soylent Upgrade v14 [soylentnews.org]
(Score: 2) by Megahard on Wednesday April 25 2018, @08:51PM (2 children)
The planet in our system with the lowest albedo is Mercury, at 0.06. Gas giants are much higher, and Venus is highest at 0.75. Maybe it's a hot rocky Jupiter?
(Score: 3, Informative) by takyon on Wednesday April 25 2018, @10:28PM (1 child)
Rocky probably isn't the right way to think of it. It is probably a lot like Jupiter or other gas giants, in which there is a rocky core and metallic hydrogen which can be many Earth masses, but the key point seems to be composition + high temperature allowing certain metals to exist in a gas state, and apparently doing a great job at absorbing light from the star.
There may be a different class of planet that has a "mini-Neptune" or much larger mass, but doesn't have a thick atmosphere.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giant_planet#Massive_solid_planets [wikipedia.org]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chthonian_planet [wikipedia.org]
This is not the case here as they measured the volume, mass, and density of WASP-104b, and it's very Jupiter-like:
Planet mass = 1.311 ± 0.053 MJup
Planet radius = 1.106 ± 0.019 RJup
Planet density = 0.969 ± 0.028 ρJup
Planet equilibrium temperature = 1507 ± 39 Kelvins
[SIG] 10/28/2017: Soylent Upgrade v14 [soylentnews.org]
(Score: 2) by Immerman on Thursday April 26 2018, @03:47AM
Hmm, at roughly the same density as Jupiter I would assume it would have to be mostly hydrogen as well. Presumably "hot" is one of the defining features, so that a much wider range of materials can remain gaseous, even in the visible upper atmosphere.
Or, just to make things more fun, maybe the planet simply hosts a thriving population of high-efficiency atmospheric photovores. Or it may not even be a gas giant, but rather a civilization that has built a dense array of efficient orbital solar collectors, leaving a much smaller, denser planet completely hidden within it. Perhaps even a previously super-Jupiter Chthionian world, rich in "exotic" minerals formed under the intense heat and pressures the atmosphere once provided.
(Score: 2) by JoeMerchant on Wednesday April 25 2018, @07:42PM (5 children)
Funny, when taking a photo of the moon you set the camera to normal daylight settings to get correct exposure of the moon's surface - would seem to say that the moon's surface is just about as reflective as normal terrestrial subjects.
As for this study, albedo of 0.03 - varying? Sounds like somebody miscalculated somewhere. Not saying impossible, in all the universe I'm sure there's a hot Jupiter somewhere with an albedo lower than 0.01, but did we find it in the local neighborhood? More likely a miscalculation.
Of course, there's the example of the early Mars camera color calibrations that tried to make the sky blue until they figured out that the insulation on some wires they were looking at was all the wrong color. Seems like that would be a good reason for future missions to carry some color calibration targets for the camera.
🌻🌻 [google.com]
(Score: 3, Informative) by takyon on Wednesday April 25 2018, @07:58PM (1 child)
https://www.sciencealert.com/hot-jupiter-wasp-104b-one-of-the-darkest-planets-ever [sciencealert.com]
Arxiv:
[SIG] 10/28/2017: Soylent Upgrade v14 [soylentnews.org]
(Score: 2) by JoeMerchant on Wednesday April 25 2018, @09:32PM
95% confidence has just as much meaning as the methods behind it. These guys are guessing, they are guessing better than anyone else on the planet could guess, but they have such a limited amount of data collected in such a novel way that there's not even a good absurd analogy about determining the eye color of a fruit fly on the other side of a football stadium with nothing but your 20-200 eyesight and three mirrors.
🌻🌻 [google.com]
(Score: 3, Interesting) by Kromagv0 on Wednesday April 25 2018, @08:12PM (1 child)
Actually the proper exposure rule for the moon is not the sunny 16 rule [wikipedia.org] (set the f stop to f/16 and the shutter speed to the reciprocal of the ISO) but is instead the looney 11 rule [wikipedia.org] where instead you set the f stop to f/11 and the shutter speed to the reciprocal of the ISO. So basically treat the moon as one stop darker than a regular sunny day. If you are shooting through haze or light clouds you may want to use f/8 instead.
T-Shirts and bumper stickers [zazzle.com] to offend someone
(Score: 2) by JoeMerchant on Friday April 27 2018, @04:50PM
First time I've heard of Looney 11 - back in the days of chemical film I think Sunny 16 was "good enough" for both cases. Plus, each chemical trial cost about $1 per photo to test, so several million times more than a digital photo costs today, I'd bet Looney 11 is based on research with much higher sample sizes.
🌻🌻 [google.com]
(Score: 2) by Immerman on Friday April 27 2018, @04:31PM
It may be as dark as coal, but the light side is still always brightly lit by high-noon intensity sunlight.
(Score: 2, Offtopic) by bob_super on Wednesday April 25 2018, @07:18PM (41 children)
The universe is full of cool stuff.
Can we get rid of the idiots who act like we're so special, and $deity only cares about $us ?
(Score: 1, Offtopic) by Freeman on Wednesday April 25 2018, @07:40PM (40 children)
Not sure who you're talking about. Bible believing Christians shouldn't have anything against there being Alien life that God created and cares about. We're just the only who totally messed everything up. The real story is that He cares enough to save us.
Joshua 1:9 "Be strong and of a good courage; be not afraid, neither be thou dismayed: for the Lord thy God is with thee"
(Score: 1, Offtopic) by JoeMerchant on Wednesday April 25 2018, @07:47PM (27 children)
See: The Adjustment Bureau for one version of that story.
🌻🌻 [google.com]
(Score: 1, Offtopic) by Freeman on Wednesday April 25 2018, @08:13PM (26 children)
See: The Bible
Old Testament: World Created, People Sin, God's plan to save us pointed to (Jewish practice of sacrificing a perfect lamb).
New Testament: God's plan to save us started, God successfully winning the battle with Satan (Jewish practice of sacrifice no longer needed. Curtain torn between most holy place and holy place in the Temple on Jesus' death. Then Jesus' Resurrection.), The End of the World pointed to with reward for the saved and final justice for those who chose not to be saved.
We're in the last stage of God's plan to save us. He has already saved us, we just have to choose that path.
Joshua 1:9 "Be strong and of a good courage; be not afraid, neither be thou dismayed: for the Lord thy God is with thee"
(Score: 3, Insightful) by bob_super on Wednesday April 25 2018, @09:34PM (1 child)
> We're in the last stage of God's plan to save us.
You do realize that many people who believe that are happy with the chaos in the Middle-East, because all those deaths are essentially "helping us" get closer to that final phase of getting saved?
How very Christian...
I'll keep my "sin", thanks. Go save yourself.
(Score: 2) by Freeman on Thursday April 26 2018, @02:53PM
People who are happy for the sorrow of others aren't being Christian. The point is that I can't save myself. It's a gift of God that we have to accept.
Joshua 1:9 "Be strong and of a good courage; be not afraid, neither be thou dismayed: for the Lord thy God is with thee"
(Score: 3, Insightful) by PartTimeZombie on Wednesday April 25 2018, @11:20PM (3 children)
You do realize the earliest followers of Jesus thought they were going to live to see his return, don't you?
If you're basing your apocalyptic beliefs on the Book of Revelations you should go and actually read it. It is the maddest thing ever, written by someone who either had mental health problems, or took hallucinogenics.
Anyway, basing your life on a religion that basically stole it's foundation myths from the Zoroastrians seems a bit sad to me.
(Score: 2) by Freeman on Thursday April 26 2018, @02:48PM (2 children)
I do know that Jesus's Disciples thought they were going to live to see his return.
I have read the Book of Revelation and in fact most of the Bible. Can't say for sure whether I've ever actually made it through the Begats, though. The book of Revelation is also full of imagery and includes a strong warning at the end of the book. Revelation 20:19 "And if any man shall take away from the words of the book of this prophecy, God shall take away his part out of the book of life, and out of the holy city, and from the things which are written in this book."
Great speaker and evangelist goes over some of Revelation. https://www.amazingfacts.org/about-us/revelation [amazingfacts.org] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WvASosgagBw [youtube.com]
There are a lot of similar stories in other religions. Lucifer was the best and brightest Angel in Heaven, only second to God. He is very capable and will stop at nothing to discredit God. The bible isn't based on Zoroastrian myths. The Bible is based on facts and numerous archaeological discoveries have supported the Bible. Not that you can prove to anyone via archaeology that there's a God, but you can prove that places described in the Bible were actual places.
Joshua 1:9 "Be strong and of a good courage; be not afraid, neither be thou dismayed: for the Lord thy God is with thee"
(Score: 3, Insightful) by PartTimeZombie on Thursday April 26 2018, @08:33PM
I wasn't really claiming that. I do claim however that the Jesus myth is stolen almost wholesale from the Zoroastrian stories about Ahura Mazda and in fact the whole thing is just a mashup of various middle-eastern religions from the classical period.
The only really remarkable thing about Christianity is the fact that it has lasted so long really. Most other religions (with a few obvious exceptions) rise and fall.
Is anyone still worshiping Ashur or Anu? They were pretty major gods 3 thousand years ago.
(Score: 3, Interesting) by Azuma Hazuki on Friday April 27 2018, @08:15PM
An omniscient, omnipotent, etc etc etc God doesn't *have* enemies, you idiot. He also doesn't fight wars, in heaven or otherwise, and his plans don't ever go wrong. In fact, he doesn't have to "plan."
You don't really seem to understand the real meaning of words like omniscient or omnipotent or, most importantly, "absolutely-sovereign." You still talk about your God like he's a big human. A very bright, very powerful, very in-charge human, but not infinite on any of these axes. If you understood the implications of these omni* attributes you wouldn't be making arguments like this.
I am "that girl" your mother warned you about...
(Score: 5, Touché) by Azuma Hazuki on Thursday April 26 2018, @03:25AM (19 children)
Question for you, smart guy: what does an omniscient, omnipotent, time-transcending, eternal, *absolutely-sovereign* God need with a "plan?" And why is he "saving" us from what amounts to his own temper tantrum he's throwing over his own freely-created creations doing what he knew without fail they would before he created them, and why does this "plan" involve making an exception to rules he himself created about what he himself arbitrarily defines as "sin" and who goes to the Hell he himself created but didn't have to and never told Adam, Cain, Moses, etc about, preferring instead to let the pagan Persians and Greeks do it?
Have you seriously never thought about any of this?
I am "that girl" your mother warned you about...
(Score: 3, Funny) by Immerman on Thursday April 26 2018, @03:52AM (6 children)
I don't know why you're making such a big deal about all that - it's obvious if you just stop to give it a moment's consideration:
God moves in mysterious ways.
:-D
(Score: 2) by Freeman on Thursday April 26 2018, @03:03PM (2 children)
There's banter back and forth between God and Job in the book of Job. In that dialogue God tells Job that He is smarter and knows more than Job. So, for us, God does move in mysterious ways at times.
Joshua 1:9 "Be strong and of a good courage; be not afraid, neither be thou dismayed: for the Lord thy God is with thee"
(Score: 2) by Azuma Hazuki on Thursday April 26 2018, @07:15PM (1 child)
Okay, but Donald Trump ALSO says he's smarter than us...
I am "that girl" your mother warned you about...
(Score: 2) by Freeman on Thursday April 26 2018, @07:50PM
Donald Trump isn't stupid. You may very well disagree with everything he has to say, but he isn't stupid. Personally, I don't like him and disagree with quite a number of things he says. The alternative was Clinton, though. Even then, I would have preferred Clinton over Obama. The one thing Obama and Trump have in common is Charisma. Hitler had plenty of that, too. Charisma just blinds people to the crazyness that comes out of their mouths.
Joshua 1:9 "Be strong and of a good courage; be not afraid, neither be thou dismayed: for the Lord thy God is with thee"
(Score: 2) by JoeMerchant on Friday April 27 2018, @04:22AM (2 children)
They've literally had millennia to collect and refine the book of comebacks, what do you think they teach in Seminary school anyway?
🌻🌻 [google.com]
(Score: 2) by Immerman on Friday April 27 2018, @04:27PM (1 child)
Buggery?
(Score: 2) by JoeMerchant on Friday April 27 2018, @04:47PM
Or, the art of image/status preservation after the act.
🌻🌻 [google.com]
(Score: 2) by Freeman on Thursday April 26 2018, @02:59PM (10 children)
God's plan was for us to live in a perfect world. There is no freedom, if there is no freedom of choice. God gave us the ability to choose for ourselves. Love forced isn't Love. God created Adam, Eve, and Lucifer. You have the ability to choose your own path and do what you will, because God believes in Free Will.
Joshua 1:9 "Be strong and of a good courage; be not afraid, neither be thou dismayed: for the Lord thy God is with thee"
(Score: 2) by bob_super on Thursday April 26 2018, @04:16PM (2 children)
Once again calling for a new mod for "fairy-tale-based argument".
Since that's a bit long, how about the "-1 Trumping" ?
(Score: 2) by Freeman on Thursday April 26 2018, @04:31PM (1 child)
I was originally conscientiously pointing out that your statement didn't apply to Christians. You don't want to talk about religion. That's just fine. Then stop deriding the people who believe in it. All manner of inappropriate tags can be placed on quite a few topics. In reality the entire string of comments along with half of your post was off-topic in relation to the original article.
Joshua 1:9 "Be strong and of a good courage; be not afraid, neither be thou dismayed: for the Lord thy God is with thee"
(Score: 2) by bob_super on Thursday April 26 2018, @04:53PM
> pointing out that your statement didn't apply to Christians
Tell that to a lot of "Christians" who have a very different opinion than you.
I've talked to enough Evangelists to respectfully disagree.
But hey, the Universe IS full of wonderful things.
(Score: 3, Insightful) by Azuma Hazuki on Thursday April 26 2018, @07:17PM (6 children)
Do you even think about these things before you type them, or are you just running your finger down the Big Book of Apologetic Thought-Terminating Cliches and selecting one that looks vaguely like it fits the situation at hand, while completely ignoring what the other person is actually saying?
You mention Free Will (TM). And this has to be a very specific, unfettered, libertarian sort of Free Will (TM) for your theology not to immediately crumble. Prove to us that a) we have Free Will (TM) at all, b) it is this specific sort of Free Will (TM), and c) why it would not have been possible to make a perfectly free set of beings with only good choices to choose from?
Be very careful with c), as the standard apologetic response to this neatly explodes the concept of Heaven entirely and does significant damage to Yahweh himself :)
I am "that girl" your mother warned you about...
(Score: 1, Offtopic) by Freeman on Thursday April 26 2018, @07:41PM (5 children)
"4. But since He created Lucifer, isn’t God really responsible for his sin?
Answer: Not at all. God created Lucifer a perfect, sinless angel. Lucifer made a devil of himself. Freedom to choose is a cornerstone principle of God’s government. God knew Lucifer would sin when He created him. If at that point God had refused to create Lucifer, He would have been repudiating one of His own characteristics of love; that is, the freedom to choose."
https://www.amazingfacts.org/media-library/study-guide/e/4979/t/did-god-create-the-devil- [amazingfacts.org]
Which is more or less what I already said. You can rage at the world all you want or me for the "evil God" that I believe and serve. The truth is that Satan has been spinning the "God is evil" lie for a long, long time. There are numerous occasions where God killed or asked His people to kill. The fact is that the wages of sin is death.
"Regarding the command to eradicate entire nations, I believe that God had to because the influence of these nations left unchecked would ultimately lead to the death of many more innocent people. It’s helpful to keep in mind that nations like the Canaanites engaged in human sacrifice, even offering their children to devil gods. (See Deuteronomy 12:31.) Additionally, not only did God use Israel’s might to punish evil nations like these, He used the Babylonian, Assyrian, and Egyptian kings to punish Israel. God will often use human forces to mete out His discipline."
https://www.amazingfacts.org/news-and-features/news/item/id/10883/t/why-did-god-order-genocide [amazingfacts.org]
Joshua 1:9 "Be strong and of a good courage; be not afraid, neither be thou dismayed: for the Lord thy God is with thee"
(Score: 2) by Azuma Hazuki on Thursday April 26 2018, @08:20PM (4 children)
I notice that at no time in that extended exercise in al-dente copypasta-boiling did you ever even attempt to engage with what was actually being said to you. Which, I find, is typical for apologists. You're wasting space and electrons.
I am "that girl" your mother warned you about...
(Score: 2) by Freeman on Thursday April 26 2018, @08:36PM (3 children)
Al-dente copy-pasta is good copy-pasta. Both were more or less direct replies to what you were asking about. You don't have to accept the argument I put forth. Do you not believe in Free Will?
Joshua 1:9 "Be strong and of a good courage; be not afraid, neither be thou dismayed: for the Lord thy God is with thee"
(Score: 2) by Azuma Hazuki on Thursday April 26 2018, @09:38PM (2 children)
First of all, no, neither of those were even close to direct replies. They were of the following form:
(Freeman) I believe X Y and Z
(Hazuki) Look, X Y and Z don't work because X and Y are mutually contradictory and Z is disproven due to A and B
(Freeman) *states X Y and Z again with some links*
What I believe is irrelevant. You must believe in a very specific, libertarian type of free will for your theology even to have a single toehold (it self-destructs elsewhere, but let's not get into that). That idea is incompatible with not only your theology but, I suspect, with some of the more recent discoveries in QM, which may be one reason so many scientists are compatibilists.
Are you going to actually read what the fuck i said up there, or are you just going to sit here constantly asserting the same things and wondering why I'm not falling on my face in religious awe?
I am "that girl" your mother warned you about...
(Score: 2) by Freeman on Thursday April 26 2018, @10:14PM (1 child)
How many Angels can dance on the head of a pin? / Prove the existence of Free Will.
What you believe is relevant, if you're actually trying to have a conversation. Otherwise, you're just tossing wood on the fire.
Here's a definition, if you need to know what "Free Will" is referring to. http://www.dictionary.com/browse/free-will [dictionary.com]
Without it, there can be no meaning to your "choices", and you can't be held accountable for your actions. Since, you had no choice. The idea that we don't have Free Will is akin to the practice of indulgences. Except, you don't have to pay someone to feel better.
Joshua 1:9 "Be strong and of a good courage; be not afraid, neither be thou dismayed: for the Lord thy God is with thee"
(Score: 2) by Azuma Hazuki on Friday April 27 2018, @03:09AM
Why does talking logic with you feel like trying to explain mountaineering to an oyster? You're so deep in Dunning-Krugerland you can't even see where my objections are coming from or why they're being made.
Go back up to that post where I was asking you why an omniscient etc etc etc God needs a plan, and read those words carefully. The supposed attributes of your God-figure make this plan a transparent sham. Make sure you understand the implications of omniscience (as opposed to just knowing a hell of a lot), omnipotence (as opposed to just being really strong) and especially absolute sovereignty (as opposed to just "being in charge") before you respond again.
Not for nothing is it said that unbelievers take Yahweh much more seriously than his partisans. That is why we tend to be unbelievers in the first place...
I am "that girl" your mother warned you about...
(Score: 2) by DeathMonkey on Thursday April 26 2018, @05:46PM
If God exists then he's such a narcissistic asshole that he doesn't deserve our respect.
(Score: 3, Insightful) by Azuma Hazuki on Wednesday April 25 2018, @08:28PM (10 children)
"Bible-believing Christians" for the longest time thought the Southern Hemisphere was uninhabited because anyone living there would fall off and/or couldn't have been saved (see Augustine). You're full of it, Freeman. The theology is rotten from start to finish.
I am "that girl" your mother warned you about...
(Score: 3, Funny) by DannyB on Wednesday April 25 2018, @09:12PM (4 children)
He wraps up the waters in his clouds,
yet the clouds do not burst under their weight.
-- Job 26:8
He made the Sea of cast metal, circular in shape,
measuring ten cubits from rim to rim and five cubits high.
It took a line of thirty cubits to measure around it.
-- 1 Kings 7:23
(circumference about 45 feet or about 14 meters, or 444.505 attoparsecs)
The ratio π (pi) does not apply. State legislators can feel free to use 3.
The lower I set my standards the more accomplishments I have.
(Score: 2) by Azuma Hazuki on Thursday April 26 2018, @03:22AM (1 child)
Butbutbutbut CONTEXT! You're obviously READING IT OUT OF CONTEXT YOU BLASPHEMING HELLBOUND ATHEIST HEATHEN!!!111eleventyone
I am "that girl" your mother warned you about...
(Score: 2) by DannyB on Friday April 27 2018, @06:35PM
Actually, I don't think I read it out of context. It just seemed amusing to post here.
As for that passage in Job about Clouds. I would point out Job was one of the very earliest books written in the Bible, despite its position within the OT books. It seems to me that Job is marveling at the clouds and what God could do, within the framework of his argument. His argument with his three "friends" (miserable comforters are you all!, he says later)
As for the Pi reference, again, like Job, it is not meant as any kind of statement about science or mathematics. Merely some mention about the construction of a large round object and its (approximate) dimensions. Thirty cubits around, with a ten cubit diameter? The difference from thirty cubit circumference is between 1/10 and 1/5 of a cubit. Probably a rounding error to them.
The lower I set my standards the more accomplishments I have.
(Score: 2) by FatPhil on Thursday April 26 2018, @08:04AM (1 child)
Of all the bullshit in the bible you could attack, half-baked mathematical pseudo-pedantry was a very weak choice of weapon.
Great minds discuss ideas; average minds discuss events; small minds discuss people; the smallest discuss themselves
(Score: 2) by DannyB on Friday April 27 2018, @06:38PM
My purpose was more amusing than as any kind of attack. If I wanted to attack (which I do not) there is plenty that I could use. But then I could defend that same attack as well.
Example:
What? If a woman gives birth to a boy she is unclean for seven days. But birth of girl makes her unclean fourteen days. But the point is "ceremonially unclean".
The lower I set my standards the more accomplishments I have.
(Score: 3, Informative) by Freeman on Thursday April 26 2018, @03:21PM (4 children)
I would hesitate to call Catholics bible-believing Christians. Though, indeed the prevailing Scientific thought at that time was that the Earth was Flat.
Isaiah 40:22 "It is he that sitteth upon the circle of the earth, and the inhabitants thereof are as grasshoppers; that stretcheth out the heavens as a curtain, and spreadeth them out as a tent to dwell in:"
The Bible really doesn't go into the exact shape of the earth when God created it. That quote from Isaiah is about as close as you get to a description of the shape of the earth in the Bible.
Joshua 1:9 "Be strong and of a good courage; be not afraid, neither be thou dismayed: for the Lord thy God is with thee"
(Score: 3, Insightful) by Azuma Hazuki on Thursday April 26 2018, @07:14PM (3 children)
Indeed. Thankfully, our civilization is molded more by the Greeks than the half-illiterate, murderous sheep-fucking savages who made up Middle Eastern Jewry and Christianity! Took a hell of a long time, but we're slowly climbing back out of that morass.
Your God is a genocidal Bronze-Age holdover, Freeman. I don't know what angle I need to turn this at to get it through your head: he has exactly the same characteristics and temperament of the other God-figures in his milieu, and the theology evolved with the cultures it came in contact with over the centuries. Post-Exilic Judaism is a very different beast from its pre-Exilic form, for example. How much of this do you have even the slightest inkling of?
I am "that girl" your mother warned you about...
(Score: 3, Interesting) by Freeman on Thursday April 26 2018, @07:46PM (2 children)
Ah, you mean like with the Atomic Bomb? It sure is a good thing we've come so far as to be able to nearly totally annihilate an entire city with one bomb? Or it's so much better that we are more accepting of immoral behavior? Yes, we should be accepting of the Sinner. No, we shouldn't be accepting of the Sin.
Joshua 1:9 "Be strong and of a good courage; be not afraid, neither be thou dismayed: for the Lord thy God is with thee"
(Score: 2) by Azuma Hazuki on Thursday April 26 2018, @08:19PM
Atomic bombs ain't got nuttin' on the Great Flood, or that whole Apocalypse thing. Bzzzzt. Try again. Or don't; you're starting to make me embarrassed *for* you if this puerile horseshit is all you can muster.
I am "that girl" your mother warned you about...
(Score: 2) by DannyB on Friday April 27 2018, @06:45PM
Is our immoral behavior worse than say the Galatians or Corinthians? I would suspect not. It just took us a while to catch up to them. Whether or not so doesn't make modern people any less redeemable.
The lower I set my standards the more accomplishments I have.
(Score: 3, Insightful) by DannyB on Wednesday April 25 2018, @09:18PM
And maybe . . . we're just the only at all.
Although, unlikely. Not proven nor disproven.
Maybe the distance between stars is to keep us from going there.
The lower I set my standards the more accomplishments I have.
(Score: 2, Funny) by Anonymous Coward on Wednesday April 25 2018, @08:06PM (1 child)
- What's WASP-104b's favorite song?
- "I'm Dreaming of a Black Christmas."
(Score: 0) by Anonymous Coward on Thursday April 26 2018, @04:32AM
- Why did WASP-104b cross the galaxy?
- To get to the middle of the road.
(Score: 3, Funny) by Gaaark on Wednesday April 25 2018, @08:54PM (4 children)
Maebae is mayd ob darc madder!
Hyuk hyuk!
--- Please remind me if I haven't been civil to you: I'm channeling MDC. ---Gaaark 2.0 ---
(Score: 2) by Gaaark on Thursday April 26 2018, @01:55AM
Flamebait?
Guess asshat missed the sense of humour line at the babby mall.
--- Please remind me if I haven't been civil to you: I'm channeling MDC. ---Gaaark 2.0 ---
(Score: 0) by Anonymous Coward on Thursday April 26 2018, @04:41AM (1 child)
How can you tell when you're in WASP-104b's stellar neighborhood?
(Score: 0) by Anonymous Coward on Thursday April 26 2018, @04:54AM
How do you tell WASP-104b at his wedding?
(Score: 0) by Anonymous Coward on Thursday April 26 2018, @04:48AM
What word starts with “N” and ends with “R” that you never want to call WASP-104b?