Samsung is planning for the commercialization of 6G wireless technology around 2028-2030, with a peak data rate of 1,000 Gbps (1 Tbps) and a user experienced data rate ("minimum achievable data rate for a user in real network environment") of 1 Gbps (this is set at 100 Mbps download, 50 Mbps upload in the case of 5G):
In the white paper, Samsung expects that the completion of the 6G standard and its earliest commercialization date could be as early as 2028, while mass commercialization may occur around 2030. Both humans and machines will be the main users of 6G, and 6G will be characterized by provision of advanced services such as truly immersive extended reality (XR), high-fidelity mobile hologram and digital replica.
Whereas 5G requirements mainly focused on performance aspects, Samsung defines three categories of requirements that have to be met to realize 6G services – performance, architectural and trustworthiness requirements. Examples of 6G performance requirements are a peak data rate of 1,000 Gbps (gigabits per second) and air latency less than 100 microseconds (μs), 50 times the peak data rate and one-tenth the latency of 5G.
[...] The white paper also introduces candidate technologies that could be essential to satisfy the requirements for 6G. These include the use of the terahertz (THz) frequency band, novel antenna technologies to enhance the coverage of high frequency band signals, advanced duplex technologies, the evolution of network topology, spectrum sharing to increase the efficiency of frequency utilization and the use of AI in wireless communications.
Samsung's 6G white paper (PDF) mentions 16K resolution VR, as well as "high-fidelity mobile holograms" and "digital replicas/twins" (basically detailed VR avatars) as possible applications:
Another challenge is sufficient wireless capacity. Note that current AR technology requires 55.3 megabits per second (Mbps) to support 8K display (with one million points), which can provide enough user experience on a mobile display. However, in order to provide truly immersive AR, the density should be largely improved and it will require 0.44 gigabits per second (Gbps) throughput (with 16 million points). In addition, XR media streaming may have similar demands to 16K UHD (Ultra High Definition) quality video. For example, 16K VR requires 0.9 Gbps throughput (with compression ratio of 1/400). The current user experienced data rate of 5G is not sufficient for seamless streaming. It is expected that the market sizes for VR and AR will reach $44.7 billion and $87 billion, respectively, by 2030.
[...] Users will be even able to go beyond observation, and actually interact with the digital twins, using VR devices or holographic displays. A digital twin could be a representation of a remotely controlled set of sensors and actuators. In this manner, a user's interaction with a digital twin can result in actions in the physical world. For example, a user could physically move within a remote site by controlling a robot in that space entirely via real-time interactions with a digital twin representation of that remote site.
Also at Wccftech.
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Sharp Announces 2nd Gen 8K UHD TVs at IFA
Sharp this week introduced its second-generation 8K ultra-high def TVs at IFA in Berlin. The new televisions use the company's new panels as well as the latest processors that can upscale Full-HD and Ultra-HD 4K content to a 7680×4320 resolution.
The initial lineup of Sharp's 2nd Gen Aquos 8K UHD TVs will include models featuring sizes of 60, 70, and 80 inches. The new televisions will be based on the company's new image processor that doubles its compute throughput over the predecessor and can upscale 2K as well as 4K content to an 8K resolution with a 100/120 Hz refresh rate.
Samsung's first 8K TV goes on sale next month
Samsung is announcing its first commercial 8K TV, the Q900R, at IFA 2018 this week. The QLED panel will be available in 65-inch, 75-inch, 82-inch, and 85-inch sizes, and is capable of peak brightness of 4,000 nits. It also supports the newer HDR10+ format backed by Samsung and Amazon.
The incredibly poor detail of 4K makes my eyes bleed; it's impossible to look at. At least now we'll have some more 8K options to tide us over until we reach 64K (61440×34560).
See also: Tech Tent: Are you ready for an 8K telly?
Samsung's 8K QLED TV looks great, but who needs it?
Toshiba Intros Its First Ever 8K TV Concept – IFA 2018
Previously: AU Optronics to Ship 8K Panels to TV Manufacturers in H1 2018
Related: Dell Announces First "Mass-Market" 8K Display
Philips Demos an 8K Monitor
Scientists build ultra-high-speed terahertz wireless chip:
To enable data transmission speeds that surpass the 5th Generation (5G) standards for telecommunications, scientists from Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (NTU Singapore) and Osaka University in Japan have built a new chip using a concept called photonic topological insulators.
Published recently in Nature Photonics, the researchers showed that their chip can transmit terahertz (THz) waves resulting in a data rate of 11 Gigabits per second (Gbit/s), which is capable of supporting real-time streaming of 4K high-definition video, and exceeds the hitherto theoretical limit of 10 Gbit/s for 5G wireless communications.
[...] fundamental challenges need to be tackled before THz waves could be used reliably in telecommunications. Two of the biggest issues are the material defects and transmission error rates found in conventional waveguides such as crystals or hollow cables.
These issues were overcome using Photonic Topological Insulators (PTI), which allows light waves to be conducted on the surface and edges of the insulators, akin to a train following railroads, rather than through the material.
[...] Their discovery could pave the way for more PTI THz interconnects—structures that connect various components in a circuit—to be integrated into wireless communication devices, to give the next generation '6G' communications an unprecedented terabytes-per-second speed (10 to 100 times faster than 5G) in future.
[...] "By employing THz technology, it can potentially boost intra-chip and inter-chip communication to support Artificial intelligence and cloud-based technologies, such as interconnected self-driving cars, which will need to transmit data quickly to other nearby cars and infrastructure to navigate better and also to avoid accidents."
[...] Areas of potential application for THz interconnect technology will include data centers, IOT devices, massive multicore CPUs (computing chips) and long-range communications, including telecommunications and wireless communication such as Wi-Fi.
Journal Reference:
Yihao Yang, Yuichiro Yamagami, Xiongbin Yu, et al. Terahertz topological photonics for on-chip communication, Nature Photonics (DOI: 10.1038/s41566-020-0618-9)
Previously:
(2020-07-15) Samsung's 6G White Paper: Available by 2030, 1,000 Gbps Peak Speed, 1 Gbps "User Experienced" Speed
(2020-06-02) Atom-Thin Switches Could Route 5G, and Even 6G Radio Signals
(2020-01-21) Record-Breaking Terahertz Laser Beam
(2019-03-17) FCC Will Allow Wireless Devices to Operate in the 95 GHz to 3 THz Range
(2018-03-30) Smaller and Faster: The Terahertz Computer Chip is Now Within Reach
Breakthrough Could Lead to Amplifiers for 6G Signals
With 5G just rolling out and destined to take years to mature, it might seem odd to worry about 6G. But some engineers say that this is the perfect time to worry about it. One group, based at the University of California, Santa Barbara, has been developing a device that could be critical to efficiently pushing 6G's terahertz-frequency signals out of the antennas of future smartphones and other connected devices. They reported key aspects of the device—including an "n-polar" gallium nitride high-electron mobility transistor—in two papers that recently appeared in IEEE Electron Device Letters.
Testing so far has focused on 94 gigahertz frequencies, which are at the edge of terahertz. "We have just broken through records of millimeter-wave operation by factors which are just stunning," says Umesh K. Mishra, an IEEE Fellow who heads the UCSB group that published the papers. "If you're in the device field, if you improve things by 20 percent people are happy. Here, we have improved things by 200 to 300 percent."
Journal References:
Wenjian Liu, Islam Sayed, Brian Romanczyk, et al. Ru/N-Polar GaN Schottky Diode With Less Than 2 μA/cm² Reverse Current - IEEE Journals & Magazine, (DOI: 10.1109/LED.2020.3014524)
Brian Romanczyk, Weiyi Li, Matthew Guidry, et al. N-polar GaN-on-Sapphire Deep Recess HEMTs with High W-Band Power Density - IEEE Journals & Magazine, (DOI: 10.1109/LED.2020.3022401)
Related: FCC Will Allow Wireless Devices to Operate in the 95 GHz to 3 THz Range
Atom-Thin Switches Could Route 5G, and Even 6G Radio Signals
Samsung's 6G White Paper: Available by 2030, 1,000 Gbps Peak Speed, 1 Gbps "User Experienced" Speed
Scientists Build Ultra-High-Speed Terahertz Wireless Chip
(Score: 2) by ikanreed on Wednesday July 15 2020, @10:40PM (3 children)
Doesn't that mean it'll cause even more covid mind control spying magic?
(Score: 2) by takyon on Wednesday July 15 2020, @11:03PM
The National Wireless Organization says it's safe.
[SIG] 10/28/2017: Soylent Upgrade v14 [soylentnews.org]
(Score: 0) by Anonymous Coward on Wednesday July 15 2020, @11:22PM
That depends on how much of the 1Tbps is routed via HuaWei.
(Score: 0) by Anonymous Coward on Thursday July 16 2020, @01:14AM
Indeed it will. It is foretold that protocol layer 7 is where this is all heading.
(Score: 0) by Anonymous Coward on Wednesday July 15 2020, @10:41PM (1 child)
I don't believe you have the world's largest 6G network installed.
(Score: 3, Funny) by takyon on Wednesday July 15 2020, @10:52PM
The World's Largest 6Gee Network
[SIG] 10/28/2017: Soylent Upgrade v14 [soylentnews.org]
(Score: 0) by Anonymous Coward on Wednesday July 15 2020, @10:58PM (1 child)
now with 20% more g!
(Score: 3, Touché) by Anonymous Coward on Wednesday July 15 2020, @11:35PM
Now I can exceed my monthly data cap in only 1 second.
(Score: 2) by looorg on Wednesday July 15 2020, @11:12PM (9 children)
Sticking to the decade cycle more or less. 2G was 1991, 3G 1998, 4G 2009, 5G is rolling out now then. So if anything 5G was late.
That said I still don't know why I would want/need 5G much less 6G but I guess there will be some awesome superduper killer appz you just can't live without ... Holograms and digital avatars ... sounds like p0rn will be the trailblazer app once again. That said I don't really see a personal need for any of those techs at this very moment.
(Score: 2) by takyon on Wednesday July 15 2020, @11:21PM (8 children)
VR headsets make sense, but by 2030 standalone headsets could be tremendously more powerful/efficient (tricks like foveated rendering lower the necessary performance), with no need for high resolution/FPS video to be transmitted from a nearby workstation.
The hologram and digital avatar stuff looks cool, but highly speculative.
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(Score: 2) by PartTimeZombie on Wednesday July 15 2020, @11:27PM (7 children)
I wonder if VR headsets are a bit like 3D TVs, where they seem like a cool idea, but then nobody actually wants to pay extra for that feature, then they find when they get it for free, they never use it anyway.
(Score: 3, Interesting) by takyon on Wednesday July 15 2020, @11:36PM
I think it's here to stay, but it will be a slow build up with the hardware getting cheaper and much better. Notice the "XR" buzzword in the summary, and the prediction of the AR market becoming ~2x larger than VR. Combining VR and AR in one pair of flat glasses could help adoption, since the device is more useful.
[SIG] 10/28/2017: Soylent Upgrade v14 [soylentnews.org]
(Score: 0) by Anonymous Coward on Thursday July 16 2020, @02:09AM (5 children)
AR glasses are good for reading ebooks, or watching videos is nice, but they're more for industry right now. VR is only for porn and games. The main problem is input - head mounted displays are only useful for general computing with a mouse and keyboard hooked up, which is totally eliminating reasons to use them instead of plain, cheap monitors.
(Score: 2) by takyon on Thursday July 16 2020, @02:26AM
If it is hybrid AR/VR "XR" or has front-facing cameras and an AI chip, the headset should be able to detect your mouse and keyboard within your field of view and display a ghostly image of them, which you will only need when starting or for moments when you lose your muscle memory.
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(Score: 2) by takyon on Thursday July 16 2020, @03:22AM (2 children)
Misread comment. Some advantages:
It's smaller. You can use any desk that can fit a keyboard and mouse, but not necessarily a massive monitor. You can easily carry it around in a backpack, suitcase, or luggage.
You could create multiple large virtual monitors within your FOV, rearrange them as needed, with anything as the background (pitch black as default, or a star field or beach or whatever).
[SIG] 10/28/2017: Soylent Upgrade v14 [soylentnews.org]
(Score: 0) by Anonymous Coward on Thursday July 16 2020, @09:59PM (1 child)
In the future that will be definitely be true, but right now you would feel cramped using XR glasses in a cubicle. The "distance" of the projected display definitely has a lower limit for optical comfort. I like around 6 feet from my viewing surface for optimal size/clarity with the FOV of current tech.
(Score: 2) by takyon on Thursday July 16 2020, @10:19PM
The FOV for both AR and VR needs to go way up. These aren't going to cut it. [uploadvr.com] The target should be about 200-220° horizontal, 130-150° vertical, or lower but the maximum possible while still having a device look like a normal pair of glasses [9to5mac.com].
[SIG] 10/28/2017: Soylent Upgrade v14 [soylentnews.org]
(Score: 0) by Anonymous Coward on Thursday July 16 2020, @03:22AM
[Citation needed]
(Score: 2) by The Mighty Buzzard on Thursday July 16 2020, @02:44AM (8 children)
Just what I always wanted, really fast but effectively line-of-sight wireless networking! Dumbshits, stay on the FCC's ass until they free up a lot more channels in a piece of spectrum that can at least penetrate my clothes and multiplex that shit.
My rights don't end where your fear begins.
(Score: 2) by takyon on Thursday July 16 2020, @03:24AM (2 children)
1 Gbps consistent speed isn't going to require line of sight. Just like 5G, it will cover a wide range of frequencies, and there are other tools in the box than allocating more spectrum or using THz frequencies.
[SIG] 10/28/2017: Soylent Upgrade v14 [soylentnews.org]
(Score: 2) by The Mighty Buzzard on Thursday July 16 2020, @04:11AM (1 child)
Dude, I live in the south. None of their THz shit would even make it through the humidity here, much less the gazillions of tall trees blocking any possible line of sight to a tower. And that's in town. Frequencies that haven't got some serious penetration to them aren't ever going to work for me. Folks living amidst shitloads of tall buildings are going to face much the same problem though.
My rights don't end where your fear begins.
(Score: 2) by takyon on Thursday July 16 2020, @09:25PM
Well, for the applications outlined in the summary, it can compete with newer generations of Wi-Fi.
[SIG] 10/28/2017: Soylent Upgrade v14 [soylentnews.org]
(Score: 2) by c0lo on Thursday July 16 2020, @03:27AM (4 children)
Such as nude scanners [wikipedia.org], already in the THz bands?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aoFiw2jMy-0 https://soylentnews.org/~MichaelDavidCrawford
(Score: 2) by The Mighty Buzzard on Thursday July 16 2020, @04:01AM (3 children)
At very short range and much higher amplitude? Yep, those ones.
My rights don't end where your fear begins.
(Score: 2) by c0lo on Thursday July 16 2020, @04:09AM (2 children)
gG terahertz radiation everywhere. Must be fun to start using a passive scanner for imaging
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aoFiw2jMy-0 https://soylentnews.org/~MichaelDavidCrawford
(Score: 2) by The Mighty Buzzard on Thursday July 16 2020, @04:15AM (1 child)
Nearly everyone already has at least one THz scanner with them at all times. Most folks have two. We generally just call them "eyes" though.
My rights don't end where your fear begins.
(Score: 2) by c0lo on Thursday July 16 2020, @04:18AM
update your definition of terahertz band. The generally accepted one [wikipedia.org] places it well below IR and in a spectrum your eyes can't see.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aoFiw2jMy-0 https://soylentnews.org/~MichaelDavidCrawford