New Ultrahard Diamond Glass Synthesized
Carnegie's Yingwei Fei and Lin Wang were part of an international research team that synthesized a new ultrahard form of carbon glass with a wealth of potential practical applications for devices and electronics. It is the hardest known glass with the highest thermal conductivity among all glass materials. Their findings are published in Nature.
[...] Because of its extremely high melting point, it's impossible to use diamond as the starting point to synthesize diamond-like glass. However, the research team, led by Jilin University's Bingbing Liu and Mingguang Yao—a former Carnegie visiting scholar—made their breakthrough by using a form of carbon composed of 60 molecules arranged to form a hollow ball. Informally called a buckyball, this Nobel Prize-winning material was heated just enough to collapse its soccer-ball-like structure to induce disorder before turning the carbon to crystalline diamond under pressure.
The team used a large-volume multi-anvil press to synthesize the diamond-like glass. The glass is sufficient large for characterization. Its properties were confirmed using a variety of advanced, high-resolution techniques for probing atomic structure.
Journal Reference:
Yuchen Shang, Zhaodong Liu, Jiajun Dong, et al. Ultrahard bulk amorphous carbon from collapsed fullerene, Nature (DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03882-9)
(Score: -1, Offtopic) by Anonymous Coward on Saturday November 27 2021, @01:35AM (1 child)
I cut that thing with my extra hard ...
(Score: 0) by Anonymous Coward on Saturday November 27 2021, @02:35AM
... right political views?
(Score: -1, Flamebait) by Anonymous Coward on Saturday November 27 2021, @02:04AM (4 children)
So I suppose we'll be leaving for practicable purposes, non-biodegradable and indestructible screens in landfills or littered that will last until the sun explodes. At least until we get hologram projection and neurolink up and running..
(Score: 3, Touché) by khallow on Saturday November 27 2021, @02:12AM (1 child)
(Score: 1, Touché) by Anonymous Coward on Saturday November 27 2021, @03:44AM
Bunch of pearl clutching econuts. I bet they'd complain about heavy metal poisoning on the beach at Keela-Wee.
(Score: 2) by VLM on Saturday November 27 2021, @09:15PM (1 child)
Yeah about that...
First of all there's Glass as in transparent optical solid that makes lenses and windows.
Then there's Glass as in material science glass that has no discernable crystalline structure (which is probs why it makes such good optical components) and generally as you'd expect from non-homogenous non-crystalline structure its viscosity vs temp has no knees like you see in solder where it goes from solid to liq instantly. So you can heat glass and its mushy.
This stuff is C60 smashed into a glassy solid in the solid state physics sense, not a house glass transparent window made of C60, as I understand it.
Occasionally, because C60 was new when I was a kid, I keep up on its chemistry, and sadly its quite unstable when exposed to light especially in water. So sunlight and rain will destroy C60 quite fast. Because it forms naturally in candle flames and stuff, you can guess that C60 is unstable in the environment because all the worlds carbon is NOT C60.
Anyway I'd guess that smashing the crap out of C60, given that C60 isn't very stable to begin with, would imply glassy flattened C60 would NOT be some kind of "gorilla glass" cell phone screen replacement, I would NOT expect it to be durable.
But no it is not likely to be a "glass window" in your house or phone or in halogen lightbulbs or whatevs.
The chemistry and biochemistry of C60 are interesting. I would have thought the kidneys would pee it out but its apparently too big, so your liver flushes it out in bile after a couple days. Also pure C60 seems neutral to positive for healthy but its inevitable decay products are extremely toxic. Kind of like Uranium, which in pure form is pretty boring and very slow decaying but the inevitable decay products will give you cancer so in the end you'd want to avoid eating it. As you'd probably want to avoid eating C60.
Also WRT thermal conductivity, its the highest GLASS thermal conductivity out there, but its ten times worse than aluminum metal. Of course as a glass it presumably doesn't conduct electricity as well as aluminum. Anyway its a shitty thermal conductor, almost exactly as bad as stainless steel (yeah I looked it up, yeah it depends on exact type of stainless steel and chromium content, but whatever its right about the same to one sig fig) Its high thermal conductivity for a GLASS but not high compared to metals or other substances.
Note that might make it useful for laser focusing lenses or heat sink insulators. Its about 20 times more heat conductive than mica and I mica insulated many power transistors in my day. Then again a VERY thin layer of mica is electrically insulative enough AND mechanically strong enough AND cheap and easy enough to make, and I donno about this stuff.
(Score: 0) by Anonymous Coward on Sunday November 28 2021, @01:22AM
> you can guess that C60 is unstable in the environment because all the worlds carbon is NOT C60.
No it's diamonds AMIRITE. What a pile of waffle.
(Score: 0) by Anonymous Coward on Saturday November 27 2021, @07:11AM (4 children)
This might be some interesting stuff whenever they can produce more than "millimetre-sized samples".
Imagine having a window pane that won't keep out the cold and will burn up in a fire and costs (guessing here) $100/gram.
--
Does anyone know if this is an electrical insulator? Is it even transparent?
(Score: 1) by Michael on Saturday November 27 2021, @11:05AM (1 child)
You don't have to imagine high thermal conductivity or intolerance of house fires; normal glass is already like that (except it shatters in fire instead of smouldering).
As far as the first prototypes' exorbitant cost, soda lime glass started that way too. Lots of things that are now cheap commodities did. Aluminium was more expensive than gold and blue paint used to be ground up gemstones.
If carbon glass is stronger it can be thinner, and therefore you could fit more layers in the same thickness of double (triple, quadruple etc) glazing panels, so can exceed the insulation properties of soda lime - since it's the gas in the gaps which provides the insulation.
(Score: 2) by HiThere on Saturday November 27 2021, @02:21PM
Depending on which color of blue, it still is ground up gem stones.
So. The two clearly difficult parts of making this are sourcing the buckyballs and getting the high pressure anvils. The bucky ball problem is probably soluble. I'd wager then "high pressure anvil" treatment won't be cheap during this century. If the addressed "stability at STP" I didn't encounter it in the summary, but I've got my doubts. Diamond is not stable at STP, but it lasts a LONG time, only slowly turning into graphite. This stuff...I don't think we'll need to worry about the landfills getting full of it. If it were stable, we'd have found some occuring in nature. But it may be good for a few centuries.
Javascript is what you use to allow unknown third parties to run software you have no idea about on your computer.
(Score: 2) by VLM on Saturday November 27 2021, @09:28PM (1 child)
The first question, this link very handwavy implies you can't have a glassy substance that's not at least somewhat of an insulator. And this being in the category of glassy material, and the link implying glasses are not classic conductors...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass_transition#Electronic_structure [wikipedia.org]
As with plastics and stuff "in practice" you might add enough powdered copper to the substance to make it somewhat conductive, and nothing is a perfect insulator, etc, but very handwavy it seems like the physics of why it has no crystalline structure as a super cooled liquid would mostly imply its impossible to make a classic conductor or semiconductor out of it.
The second question, there are plenty of glasses that are not transparent to visible light. You can't see thru tire rubber even if they don't add carbon to it. Some glasses like PMMA (aka "plexiglass") are very transparent to visible light. So there's no theoretical reason it couldn't be transparent; but most things are not, so I would not bet on it. Note that it could be like germanium metal which is transparent to IR light but not visible light, not like Ge in the sense of being a metal (its a glass) but like Ge in the sense of having weird transmission bands that may not be in visible light range.
(Score: 2) by VLM on Saturday November 27 2021, @09:44PM
I'd rephrase that, after thinking about it, to something like a glass has to be a poor electrical conductor. If the mean free path were long enough to be a metal conductor, that would imply the glass is a crystalline metal, when the whole point of a glass is its solid but not crystalline, so the MFP has to be really short like shorter than atomic spacing...
Also it turns out its visually transparent, missed literally one word in the abstract, whoops. I suppose if the whole point is you're sqoooshing C60 into a glassy sea of sp3 bonds, and diamonds being crystalline sp3 bonds, and diamonds being visually transparent, its not too surprising.