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posted by janrinok on Thursday February 09 2023, @06:46PM   Printer-friendly
from the *delete-humans*-*insert-AI* dept.

https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2023/02/netflix-taps-ai-image-synthesis-for-background-art-in-the-dog-and-the-boy/

Over the past year, generative AI has kicked off a wave of existential dread over potential machine-fueled job loss not seen since the advent of the industrial revolution. On Tuesday, Netflix reinvigorated that fear when it debuted a short film called Dog and Boy that utilizes AI image synthesis to help generate its background artwork.

Directed by Ryotaro Makihara, the three-minute animated short follows the story of a boy and his robotic dog through cheerful times, although the story soon takes a dramatic turn toward the post-apocalyptic. Along the way, it includes lush backgrounds apparently created as a collaboration between man and machine, credited to "AI (+Human)" in the end credit sequence.

[...] Netflix and the production company WIT Studio tapped Japanese AI firm Rinna for assistance with generating the images. They did not announce exactly what type of technology Rinna used to generate the artwork, but the process looks similar to a Stable Diffusion-powered "img2img" process than can take an image and transform it based on a written prompt.

Related:
ChatGPT Can't be Credited as an Author, Says World's Largest Academic Publisher
90% of Online Content Could be 'Generated by AI by 2025,' Expert Says
Getty Images Targets AI Firm For 'Copying' Photos
Controversy Erupts Over Non-consensual AI Mental Health Experiment
Microsoft's New AI Can Simulate Anyone's Voice With Three Seconds of Audio
AI Everything, Everywhere
Microsoft, GitHub, and OpenAI Sued for $9B in Damages Over Piracy
Adobe Stock Begins Selling AI-Generated Artwork
AI Systems Can't Patent Inventions, US Federal Circuit Court Confirms


Original Submission

Related Stories

AI Systems Can't Patent Inventions, US Federal Circuit Court Confirms 8 comments

'There is no ambiguity,' says judge:

The US federal circuit court has confirmed that AI systems cannot patent inventions because they are not human beings.

The ruling is the latest failure in a series of quixotic legal battles by computer scientist Stephen Thaler to copyright and patent the output of various AI software tools he's created.

In 2019, Thaler failed to copyright an image on behalf of an AI system he dubbed Creativity Machine, with that decision upheld on appeal by the US Copyright Office in 2022. In a parallel case, the US Patent Office ruled in 2020 that Thaler's AI system DABUS could not be a legal inventor because it was not a "natural person," with this decision then upheld by a judge in 2021. Now, the federal circuit court has, once more, confirmed this decision.

[...] The Patent Act clearly states that only human beings can hold patents, says Stark. The Act refers to patent-holders as "individuals," a term which the Supreme Court has ruled "ordinarily means a human being, a person" (following "how we use the word in everyday parlance"); and uses personal pronouns — "herself" and "himself" — throughout, rather than terms such as "itself," which Stark says "would permit non-human inventors" in a reading.

[...] According to BloombergLaw, Thaler plans to appeal the circuit court's ruling, with his attorney, Ryan Abbott of Brown, Neri, Smith & Khan LLP, criticizing the court's "narrow and textualist approach" to the Patent Act.

Previously:
    UK Decides AI Still Cannot Patent Inventions
    When AI is the Inventor Who Gets the Patent?
    AI Computers Can't Patent their Own Inventions -- Yet -- a US Judge Rules


Original Submission

Adobe Stock Begins Selling AI-Generated Artwork 15 comments

https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2022/12/adobe-stock-begins-selling-ai-generated-artwork/

On Monday, Adobe announced that its stock photography service, Adobe Stock, would begin allowing artists to submit AI-generated imagery for sale, Axios reports. The move comes during Adobe's embrace of image synthesis and also during industry-wide efforts to deal with the rapidly growing field of AI artwork in the stock art business, including earlier announcements from Shutterstock and Getty Images.

Submitting AI-generated imagery to Adobe Stock comes with a few restrictions. The artist must own (or have the rights to use) the image, AI-synthesized artwork must be submitted as an illustration (even if photorealistic), and it must be labeled with "Generative AI" in the title.

Further, each AI artwork must adhere to Adobe's new Generative AI Content Guidelines, which require the artist to include a model release for any real person depicted realistically in the artwork. Artworks that incorporate illustrations of people or fictional brands, characters, or properties require a property release that attests the artist owns all necessary rights to license the content to Adobe Stock.
[...]
AI-generated artwork has proven ethically problematic among artists. Some criticized the ability of image synthesis models to reproduce artwork in the styles of living artists, especially since the AI models gained that ability from unauthorized scrapes of websites.


Original Submission

Microsoft, GitHub, and OpenAI Sued for $9B in Damages Over Piracy 51 comments

As projected here back in October, there is now a class action lawsuit, albeit in its earliest stages, against Microsoft over its blatant license violation through its use of the M$ GitHub Copilot tool. The software project, Copilot, strips copyright licensing and attribution from existing copyrighted code on an unprecedented scale. The class action lawsuit insists that machine learning algorithms, often marketed as "Artificial Intelligence", are not exempt from copyright law nor are the wielders of such tools.

The $9 billion in damages is arrived at through scale. When M$ Copilot rips code without attribution and strips the copyright license from it, it violates the DMCA three times. So if olny 1% of its 1.2M users receive such output, the licenses were breached 12k times with translates to 36k DMCA violations, at a very low-ball estimate.

"If each user receives just one Output that violates Section 1202 throughout their time using Copilot (up to fifteen months for the earliest adopters), then GitHub and OpenAI have violated the DMCA 3,600,000 times. At minimum statutory damages of $2500 per violation, that translates to $9,000,000,000," the litigants stated.

Besides open-source licenses and DMCA (§ 1202, which for­bids the removal of copy­right-man­age­ment infor­ma­tion), the lawsuit alleges violation of GitHub's terms of ser­vice and pri­vacy poli­cies, the Cal­i­for­nia Con­sumer Pri­vacy Act (CCPA), and other laws.

The suit is on twelve (12) counts:
– Violation of the DMCA.
– Breach of contract. x2
– Tortuous interference.
– Fraud.
– False designation of origin.
– Unjust enrichment.
– Unfair competition.
– Violation of privacy act.
– Negligence.
– Civil conspiracy.
– Declaratory relief.

Furthermore, these actions are contrary to what GitHub stood for prior to its sale to M$ and indicate yet another step in ongoing attempts by M$ to undermine and sabotage Free and Open Source Software and the supporting communities.

Previously:
(2022) GitHub Copilot May Steer Microsoft Into a Copyright Lawsuit
(2022) Give Up GitHub: The Time Has Come!
(2021) GitHub's Automatic Coding Tool Rests on Untested Legal Ground


Original Submission

AI Everything, Everywhere 32 comments

Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve has become a woke, sanitized shell of its former self. The crowd of rowdy, inebriated locals and tourists is long gone. What you see now is bouncing and screaming for the latest flash-in-the-pan artists while industry veterans like Duran Duran barely elicit a cheer.

Youtuber and music industry veteran Rick Beato recently posted an interesting video on how Auto-Tune has destroyed popular music. Beato quotes from an interview he did with Smashing Pumpkins' Billy Corgan where the latter stated, "AI systems will completely dominate music. The idea of an intuitive artist beating an AI system is going to be very difficult." AI is making inroads into visual art as well, and hackers, artists and others seem to be embracing it with enthusiasm.

AI seems to be everywhere lately, from retrofitting decades old manufacturing operations to online help desk shenanigans to a wearable assistant to helping students cheat. Experts are predicting AI to usher in the next cyber security crisis and the end of programming as we know it.

Will there be a future where AI can and will do everything? Where artists are judged on their talents with a keyboard/mouse instead of a paintbrush or guitar? And what about those of us who will be developing the systems AI uses to produce stuff? Will tomorrow's artist be the programming genius who devises a profound algorithm that can produce stuff faster, or more eye/ear-appealing, where everything is completely computerized and lacking any humanity? Beato makes a good point in his video on auto-tune, that most people don't notice when something has been digitally altered, and quite frankly, they don't care either.

Will the "purists" among us be disparaged and become the new "Boomers"? What do you think?.


Original Submission

Microsoft's New AI Can Simulate Anyone's Voice With Three Seconds of Audio 16 comments

Text-to-speech model can preserve speaker's emotional tone and acoustic environment:

On Thursday, Microsoft researchers announced a new text-to-speech AI model called VALL-E that can closely simulate a person's voice when given a three-second audio sample. Once it learns a specific voice, VALL-E can synthesize audio of that person saying anything—and do it in a way that attempts to preserve the speaker's emotional tone.

Its creators speculate that VALL-E could be used for high-quality text-to-speech applications, speech editing where a recording of a person could be edited and changed from a text transcript (making them say something they originally didn't), and audio content creation when combined with other generative AI models like GPT-3.


Original Submission

Controversy Erupts Over Non-consensual AI Mental Health Experiment 20 comments

Controversy erupts over non-consensual AI mental health experiment:

On Friday, Koko co-founder Rob Morris announced on Twitter that his company ran an experiment to provide AI-written mental health counseling for 4,000 people without informing them first, The Verge reports. Critics have called the experiment deeply unethical because Koko did not obtain informed consent from people seeking counseling.

Koko is a nonprofit mental health platform that connects teens and adults who need mental health help to volunteers through messaging apps like Telegram and Discord.

On Discord, users sign into the Koko Cares server and send direct messages to a Koko bot that asks several multiple-choice questions (e.g., "What's the darkest thought you have about this?"). It then shares a person's concerns—written as a few sentences of text—anonymously with someone else on the server who can reply anonymously with a short message of their own.

During the AI experiment—which applied to about 30,000 messages, according to Morris—volunteers providing assistance to others had the option to use a response automatically generated by OpenAI's GPT-3 large language model instead of writing one themselves (GPT-3 is the technology behind the recently popular ChatGPT chatbot).


Original Submission

Getty Images Targets AI Firm For 'Copying' Photos 19 comments

US firm Getty Images on Tuesday threatened to sue a tech company it accuses of illegally copying millions of photos for use in an artificial intelligence (AI) art tool:

Getty, which distributes stock images and news photos including those of AFP, accused Stability AI of profiting from its pictures and those of its partners. Stability AI runs a tool called Stable Diffusion that allows users to generate mash-up images from a few words of text, but the firm uses material it scrapes from the web often without permission.

The question of copyright is still in dispute, with creators and artists arguing that the tools infringe their intellectual property and AI firms claiming they are protected under "fair use" rules.

Tools like Stable Diffusion and Dall-E 2 exploded in popularity last year, quickly becoming a global sensation with absurd images in the style of famous artists flooding social media.

Related:


Original Submission

90% of Online Content Could be ‘Generated by AI by 2025,’ Expert Says 35 comments

Generative AI, like OpenAI's ChatGPT, could completely revamp how digital content is developed, said Nina Schick, adviser, speaker, and A.I. thought leader told Yahoo Finance Live:

"I think we might reach 90% of online content generated by AI by 2025, so this technology is exponential," she said. "I believe that the majority of digital content is going to start to be produced by AI. You see ChatGPT... but there are a whole plethora of other platforms and applications that are coming up."

The surge of interest in OpenAI's DALL-E and ChatGPT has facilitated a wide-ranging public discussion about AI and its expanding role in our world, particularly generative AI.

[...] Though it's complicated, the extent to which ChatGPT in its current form is a viable Google competitor, there's little doubt of the possibilities. Meanwhile, Microsoft already has invested $1 billion in OpenAI, and there's talk of further investment from the enterprise tech giant, which owns search engine Bing. The company is reportedly looking to invest another $10 billion in OpenAI.

Previously:


Original Submission

ChatGPT Can’t be Credited as an Author, Says World’s Largest Academic Publisher 19 comments

But Springer Nature, which publishes thousands of scientific journals, says it has no problem with AI being used to help write research — as long as its use is properly disclosed:

Springer Nature, the world's largest academic publisher, has clarified its policies on the use of AI writing tools in scientific papers. The company announced this week that software like ChatGPT can't be credited as an author in papers published in its thousands of journals. However, Springer says it has no problem with scientists using AI to help write or generate ideas for research, as long as this contribution is properly disclosed by the authors.

"We felt compelled to clarify our position: for our authors, for our editors, and for ourselves," Magdalena Skipper, editor-in-chief of Springer Nature's flagship publication, Nature, tells The Verge. "This new generation of LLM tools — including ChatGPT — has really exploded into the community, which is rightly excited and playing with them, but [also] using them in ways that go beyond how they can genuinely be used at present."

[...] Skipper says that banning AI tools in scientific work would be ineffective. "I think we can safely say that outright bans of anything don't work," she says. Instead, she says, the scientific community — including researchers, publishers, and conference organizers — needs to come together to work out new norms for disclosure and guardrails for safety.

Originally spotted on The Eponymous Pickle.


Original Submission

You Can Now Run a GPT-3-Level AI Model on Your Laptop, Phone, and Raspberry Pi 30 comments

https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2023/03/you-can-now-run-a-gpt-3-level-ai-model-on-your-laptop-phone-and-raspberry-pi/

Things are moving at lightning speed in AI Land. On Friday, a software developer named Georgi Gerganov created a tool called "llama.cpp" that can run Meta's new GPT-3-class AI large language model, LLaMA, locally on a Mac laptop. Soon thereafter, people worked out how to run LLaMA on Windows as well. Then someone showed it running on a Pixel 6 phone, and next came a Raspberry Pi (albeit running very slowly).

If this keeps up, we may be looking at a pocket-sized ChatGPT competitor before we know it.
[...]
For example, here's a list of notable LLaMA-related events based on a timeline Willison laid out in a Hacker News comment:

Related:
DuckDuckGo's New Wikipedia Summary Bot: "We Fully Expect It to Make Mistakes"
Robots Let ChatGPT Touch the Real World Thanks to Microsoft (Article has a bunch of other SoylentNews related links as well.)
Netflix Stirs Fears by Using AI-Assisted Background Art in Short Anime Film
Paper: Stable Diffusion "Memorizes" Some Images, Sparking Privacy Concerns
The EU's AI Act Could Have a Chilling Effect on Open Source Efforts, Experts Warn
Pixel Art Comes to Life: Fan Upgrades Classic MS-DOS Games With AI


Original Submission

Tyler Perry Puts $800 Million Studio Expansion on Hold Because of OpenAI's Sora 16 comments

https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2024/02/i-just-dont-see-how-we-survive-tyler-perry-issues-hollywood-warning-over-ai-video-tech/

In an interview with The Hollywood Reporter published Thursday, filmmaker Tyler Perry spoke about his concerns related to the impact of AI video synthesis on entertainment industry jobs. In particular, he revealed that he has suspended a planned $800 million expansion of his production studio after seeing what OpenAI's recently announced AI video generator Sora can do.

"I have been watching AI very closely," Perry said in the interview. "I was in the middle of, and have been planning for the last four years... an $800 million expansion at the studio, which would've increased the backlot a tremendous size—we were adding 12 more soundstages. All of that is currently and indefinitely on hold because of Sora and what I'm seeing. I had gotten word over the last year or so that this was coming, but I had no idea until I saw recently the demonstrations of what it's able to do. It's shocking to me."

[...] "It makes me worry so much about all of the people in the business," he told The Hollywood Reporter. "Because as I was looking at it, I immediately started thinking of everyone in the industry who would be affected by this, including actors and grip and electric and transportation and sound and editors, and looking at this, I'm thinking this will touch every corner of our industry."

You can read the full interview at The Hollywood Reporter

[...] Perry also looks beyond Hollywood and says that it's not just filmmaking that needs to be on alert, and he calls for government action to help retain human employment in the age of AI. "If you look at it across the world, how it's changing so quickly, I'm hoping that there's a whole government approach to help everyone be able to sustain."

Previously on SoylentNews:
OpenAI Teases a New Generative Video Model Called Sora - 20240222

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  • (Score: 5, Insightful) by Rich on Thursday February 09 2023, @07:45PM

    by Rich (945) on Thursday February 09 2023, @07:45PM (#1290948) Journal

    - I had to fire up "Diffusion Bee" and got a somewhat decent result for "japan countryside background anime shinkai" straight away. And that was short of having a WaifuDiffusion model or so that's super-trained for anime. So with a bit of effort (and they enlisted a whole studio for the few AI backgrounds), that will likely be standard for the future, because it can give low-budget productions a Shinkai-level environment.

    - "the shortage of human resources in the animation industry" as Netflix called it has to be read as "we have no money left" (cf. the other thread about Netflix starting to milk customers today). Netflix paid for some very high standard animations ("Violet Evergarden" !!!) and as a consequence, during that time overall quality for all studios was up. This has dropped of a lot in the last year or two, when the Netflix money started to dry up.

    - It is nowhere mentioned in the articles, but the music had a strangely annoying AI vibe to it, and lo and behold, it is "feat. AI-code 'M'". I would probably not have noted the AI nature of the backgrounds, but I did so with the music.

    - I'm following what "pornpen" does for the visual sector. Not as viral as ChatGPT, but they have gone from 1500 to 5000+ subscribers in about two weeks. It seems to be mostly internal prompt engineering for simplified choices around a StableDiffusion variant, but they say they "work on video".

    - We're still seeing the first generation of AI here, in cleaned up state. I don't think I could have had the idea for the "guided de-noising" algorithm StableDiffusion uses, and bright minds of that caliber will come up with more for later generations, now that the exponential development just starts.

    - No wonder the Stock Photo companies sue AI startups left and right. At the current development speed, they'll be no longer needed and their stock will be devalued in a year or two.

  • (Score: 0) by Anonymous Coward on Thursday February 09 2023, @08:24PM (7 children)

    by Anonymous Coward on Thursday February 09 2023, @08:24PM (#1290957)

    Bounded problems, line animation in-betweening, yes.

    "Art" with hands that have six fingers... DO NOT WANT.

    ChatGPT will push search results farther into the poo.

    • (Score: 0, Interesting) by Anonymous Coward on Thursday February 09 2023, @08:50PM (3 children)

      by Anonymous Coward on Thursday February 09 2023, @08:50PM (#1290962)

      Your opinion is poo if you're whining about fingers and teeth as if that will be a problem in 1 year.

      • (Score: 3, Redundant) by MostCynical on Thursday February 09 2023, @08:59PM (1 child)

        by MostCynical (2589) on Thursday February 09 2023, @08:59PM (#1290963) Journal

        no, they are complaining that S/N becomes close to zero when algorithmically generated results are included.

        human correction of algorithmically generated art will weed out nine-knuckled fingers and such, but quality search results are a thing of the past (adding this crap on top of human generated SEO farmed pages)

        --
        "I guess once you start doubting, there's no end to it." -Batou, Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex
        • (Score: 0) by Anonymous Coward on Friday February 10 2023, @12:05AM

          by Anonymous Coward on Friday February 10 2023, @12:05AM (#1291002)

          That's also a non-issue. Hopium by artists who want to poison the training data.

      • (Score: 2) by Tork on Friday February 10 2023, @02:30AM

        by Tork (3914) Subscriber Badge on Friday February 10 2023, @02:30AM (#1291029)

        Your opinion is poo if you're whining about fingers and teeth as if that will be a problem in 1 year.

        I think someone was a little hasty in your moderation, there. If it wasn't a fixable problem AI generated images wouldn't be as impressive as they are now.

        --
        🏳️‍🌈 Proud Ally 🏳️‍🌈
    • (Score: 4, Funny) by hendrikboom on Thursday February 09 2023, @11:11PM (1 child)

      by hendrikboom (1125) on Thursday February 09 2023, @11:11PM (#1290990) Homepage Journal

      Some people do have an extra finger. Should they be banned from art?

      • (Score: 2, Touché) by Anonymous Coward on Friday February 10 2023, @01:52AM

        by Anonymous Coward on Friday February 10 2023, @01:52AM (#1291024)

        They're too busy running from Spaniards wielding swords to have time to do any art.

    • (Score: 2) by Freeman on Friday February 10 2023, @02:59PM

      by Freeman (732) on Friday February 10 2023, @02:59PM (#1291095) Journal

      What about "art" with hands that have 4 fingers?
      https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZVqa7j6jG0Q [youtube.com] (Nerdforge YouTube video: I lost my finger.. so I made a new one)

      --
      Joshua 1:9 "Be strong and of a good courage; be not afraid, neither be thou dismayed: for the Lord thy God is with thee"
  • (Score: 5, Interesting) by Mykl on Friday February 10 2023, @12:23AM (5 children)

    by Mykl (1112) on Friday February 10 2023, @12:23AM (#1291008)

    I remember a similar drama about the backgrounds in Disney's animated version of Beauty and the Beast. From memory, it was the first time their team used computer-assistance (not AI of course) to generate the background scenery. There was a big deal about the death of an art etc.

    Personally, I'm far more worried about the fact that someone can take a dump on a piece of canvas, smear it around and call it art (probably end up getting put in a gallery too). The fact that modern 'artists' have trained the public to see literally anything as art has opened the door to the acceptance of AI-generated artwork too, so I can't bring myself to feel sorry for the avant-garde.

    There will still be a need for genuine artists, and for non-AI works. A few buggy-whip manufacturers will go out of business, but as long as we don't end up like the citizens of The Culture, we'll be OK.


    From Look to Windward [wikipedia.org] (slightly edited for brevity)

    'So you don't think Hub cares?'
    'It's just a machine. I feel better talking to another human. Some of us feel that Hub controls our lives too much.'
    'Are there a lot of people like you?'
    'Well, no, not many, but I know a few.'
    'Do you have a group? Do you hold meetings? Have you got a name yet?'
    'Well, yes and no. There have been a lot of ideas for names. There was a suggestion we call ourselves the fastidians, or the cellists, or the carbonophiles, or the rejectionists or the spokists, or the rimmers or the planetists or the wellians or the circumferlocuans or circumlocuferans, but I don't think we should adopt any of those.'
    'Why not?'
    'Hub suggested them.'

    • (Score: 2) by Tork on Friday February 10 2023, @02:22AM (3 children)

      by Tork (3914) Subscriber Badge on Friday February 10 2023, @02:22AM (#1291027)

      Personally, I'm far more worried about the fact that someone can take a dump on a piece of canvas, smear it around and call it art (probably end up getting put in a gallery too).

      That's a larger concern to you than thousands of people suddenly going unemployed?

      --
      🏳️‍🌈 Proud Ally 🏳️‍🌈
      • (Score: 2) by Mykl on Friday February 10 2023, @05:35AM (2 children)

        by Mykl (1112) on Friday February 10 2023, @05:35AM (#1291047)

        That's a larger concern to you than thousands of people suddenly going unemployed?

        Yes. Though I will concede that it's part of a larger trend in modern society to validate everything that everyone does as 'special'. There are a whole lot of talentless hacks out there putting out rubbish and calling it art, and modern society seems only too happy to indulge that. The result is the overall devaluation of actual good art. To adopt a phrase, "When everyone's an artist, no-one's an artist".

        Those roles may not have been in such danger if people appreciated the human touch that comes with genuine art.

        • (Score: 2) by Tork on Friday February 10 2023, @05:42AM (1 child)

          by Tork (3914) Subscriber Badge on Friday February 10 2023, @05:42AM (#1291049)
          What about the peeps that make your video games and movies?
          --
          🏳️‍🌈 Proud Ally 🏳️‍🌈
          • (Score: 3, Interesting) by Mykl on Friday February 10 2023, @06:52AM

            by Mykl (1112) on Friday February 10 2023, @06:52AM (#1291057)

            Video game backgrounds are already largely developed with the assistance of automation. If the AI (assisted or wholesale) background is good enough then the game will still sell. If a human artist is able to make something that improves the saleability over an AI-background, then they have demonstrated their value and deserve the recognition and rewards that go with that.

            A parallel - the creation of auto-tune has vastly devalued the ability of singers to actually be able to sing in tune themselves. Many of today's top-40 stars can't sing, yet are still rewarded for 'their' output (which could arguably be more about how they look in the film clip). I still prefer the sound of an actual singer to the sound of auto-tune though. I believe there will be a similar analogy for AI-art.

    • (Score: 2) by Freeman on Friday February 10 2023, @03:02PM

      by Freeman (732) on Friday February 10 2023, @03:02PM (#1291096) Journal

      There is a distinct difference between quality of animation and especially art style when going from classic Disney to modern Disney. Classic has a lot more in common with Picasso, Rembrandt, and other famous artists. Modern had a lot more in common with MS Paint.

      --
      Joshua 1:9 "Be strong and of a good courage; be not afraid, neither be thou dismayed: for the Lord thy God is with thee"
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