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Rare byproduct of marine bacteria kills cancer cells by snipping their DNA:
Yale University researchers have determined how a scarce molecule produced by marine bacteria can kill cancer cells, paving the way for the development of new, low-dose chemotherapies.
The molecule, lomaiviticin A, was previously shown to be lethal to cultured human cancer cells, but the mechanism of its operation remained unsolved for well over a decade. In a series of experiments, Yale scientists Seth Herzon, Peter Glazer, and colleagues show that the molecule nicks, cleaves, and ultimately destroys cancer cells' DNA, preventing replication.
"DNA is one of the primary targets of anticancer agents, and cleavage of both DNA chains is the most potent form of DNA damage," said Herzon, professor of chemistry. "But few anticancer agents are able to directly cleave DNA. The discovery that lomaiviticin A is capable of this suggests it could be very useful as a novel chemotherapy, possibly at low doses."
The abstract and paper can be found here.
(Score: 1) by turonah on Tuesday May 13 2014, @08:59AM
Unfortunately, it looks like the article is strictly looking at the difference in cytotoxicity between (-)-lomaiviticin A, (-)-lomaiviticin C, and (-)-kinamycin C, rather than explaining *why* it would be an effective treatment for cancer (if, in fact, it is).
This page, on the other hand, gives a pretty good overview of cytotoxicity as it's used for chemotherapy: http://www.patient.co.uk/health/chemotherapy-with- cytotoxic-medicines [patient.co.uk] (thanks, Google!). Apparently, hair, bone marrow, mouth, and gut cells also tend to divide rapidly (hence the hair loss, dry mouth, nausea, etc. that most patients suffer).