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Girls who share a womb with boys tend to make less money than those with twin sisters
Female twins who shared a womb with a brother tend to get less education, earn less money, and have fewer children than girls who shared a womb with another girl, according to an analysis of hundreds of thousands of births over more than a decade. Researchers suspect the cause is testosterone exposure during fetal development, though the exact mechanism remains a mystery.
"I think it's a really interesting look at how this really complicated system might impact females," says Talia Melber, a biological anthropologist at the University of Illinois in Urbana who wasn't involved in the study. Still, she cautions, a lot more work needs to be done to establish a causal link.
Fraternal twins, in which each of two eggs is fertilized by a different sperm cell, occur in about four of every 1000 births. About half of those result in male-female twin pairs. Typically, about 8 to 9 weeks into gestation, a male fetus begins to produce massive amounts of testosterone, which helps jump-start the development of male reproductive organs and brain architecture; female fetuses receive only modest amounts of the sex hormone. In male-female twins, though, small amounts of the male fetus's testosterone can seep into the female twin's separate amniotic sac. Scientists have known about this phenomenon for decades, and have been arguing for just as long over what effects, if any, it has on women later in life.
[...] Controlling for factors such as birth weight and maternal education, women who had a male twin were 15.2% less likely to graduate from high school, 3.9% less likely to finish college, and 11.7% less likely to be married—compared with women with a twin sister. They also had 5.8% fewer children and earned 8.6% less money, the team reports today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Evidence that prenatal testosterone transfer from male twins reduces the fertility and socioeconomic success of their female co-twins (open, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1812786116) (DX)
(Score: 2, Insightful) by Anonymous Coward on Tuesday March 19 2019, @02:10PM (2 children)
Feminine males are routinely assaulted and harassed not only by their peers but by the grownups in their life. At school, they are subject to institutional harassment and humiliation. Some of this centers around gym class, but it is pervasive.
So whatever it is that we do to masculine girls must be worse, right?
(Score: 0) by Anonymous Coward on Wednesday March 20 2019, @05:50AM (1 child)
Yes, they are.
From what I've seen, up until age 30 or so girls like the bad boys with gushing adrenaline oozing testosterone
After hitting 30 they start looking for a male who has money and or is friendly
Although by that time it's possible that those males have learned that paying for sex is cheaper and easier
(Score: 0) by Anonymous Coward on Sunday March 24 2019, @08:58PM
Chose to be V-Safe, because fuck why would I want to pass my genes on?
I'm now in my late 30s without many female successes, I've started pulling the 18 crowd with daddy issues. Unfortunately they pretty much all want you to treat them as a slut and help them get gangbanged. Which isn't really my thing. But I'm at girl 6 or so, which is making it hard to refute that at least this demographic has a stereotype (and this is a random sampling of girls from all over, white, asian and black.)