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posted by janrinok on Monday December 30 2019, @09:53PM   Printer-friendly
from the need-not-greed dept.

Rwanda makes its own morphine while U.S. awash with opioids:

It was something, the silence. Nothing but the puff of her breath and the scuff of her slip-on shoes as Madeleine Mukantagara walked through the fields to her first patient of the day. Piercing cries once echoed down the hill to the road below. What she carried in her bag had calmed them.

For 15 years, her patient Vestine Uwizeyimana had been in unrelenting pain as disease wore away at her spine. She could no longer walk and could barely turn over in bed. Her life narrowed to a small, dark room with a dirt-floor in rural Rwanda, prayer beads hanging on the wall by her side.

A year ago, relief came in the form of liquid morphine, locally produced as part of Rwanda's groundbreaking effort to address one of the world's great inequities: As thousands die from addiction in rich countries awash with prescription painkillers, millions of people writhe in agony in the poorest nations with no access to opioids at all.

Companies don't make money selling cheap, generic morphine to the poor and dying, and most people in sub-Saharan Africa cannot afford the expensive formulations like oxycodone and fentanyl, prescribed so abundantly in richer nations that thousands became addicted to them.

Rwanda's answer: plastic bottles of morphine, produced for pennies and delivered to homes across the country by community health workers like Mukantagara. It is proof, advocates say, that the opioid trade doesn't have to be guided by how much money can be made.


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  • (Score: 5, Insightful) by krishnoid on Monday December 30 2019, @10:37PM (47 children)

    by krishnoid (1156) on Monday December 30 2019, @10:37PM (#937629)

    It is proof, advocates say, that the opioid trade doesn't have to be guided by how much money can be made.

    Sure, after you disintermediate raw capitalism out from between care-of-health and profit/ability. Then that principle applies to a lot of stuff.

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  • (Score: 5, Insightful) by The Mighty Buzzard on Tuesday December 31 2019, @02:27AM (45 children)

    by The Mighty Buzzard (18) Subscriber Badge <themightybuzzard@proton.me> on Tuesday December 31 2019, @02:27AM (#937701) Homepage Journal

    Newp, sorry, this ain't on capitalism. The only reason big pharma has a chokehold on prices, or even exists in the first place, is because the government has passed laws guaranteeing them monopoly powers and making it extremely expensive and legally complex to compete with them after those monopoly powers expire. Were either of those not the case, most medicines would be dirt cheap within five years of the patents expiring. Government choosing who wins and loses is not an aspect of capitalism.

    --
    My rights don't end where your fear begins.
    • (Score: 2) by sjames on Tuesday December 31 2019, @03:09AM (12 children)

      by sjames (2882) on Tuesday December 31 2019, @03:09AM (#937714) Journal

      It's certainly not solely on Capitalism, probably not even mostly, but there are a number of dirty tricks applied on top of the ill-thought regulations that make the problem much worse.

      But uit seems even the Libertarians seem to have all but given up on dismantling any of that.

      • (Score: 4, Insightful) by The Mighty Buzzard on Tuesday December 31 2019, @04:31AM

        by The Mighty Buzzard (18) Subscriber Badge <themightybuzzard@proton.me> on Tuesday December 31 2019, @04:31AM (#937745) Homepage Journal

        Nah, there just ain't very many of us around lately. We sat on our asses too long letting both parties trade us comfort for our liberties, so we have a lot of unfucking to do in the population before we can do much fixing in the government.

        --
        My rights don't end where your fear begins.
      • (Score: 1, Flamebait) by khallow on Tuesday December 31 2019, @06:09AM (10 children)

        by khallow (3766) Subscriber Badge on Tuesday December 31 2019, @06:09AM (#937775) Journal

        It's certainly not solely on Capitalism, probably not even mostly,

        It's not capitalism at fault here. It's odd how capitalism gets blamed for deliberate breaking of it.

        But uit seems even the Libertarians seem to have all but given up on dismantling any of that.

        "Seems" to who? Are you demanding that we (temporarily putting myself in the Libertarian camp for rhetorical purposes) rule you with no-doubt benevolent tyranny?

        • (Score: 2) by sjames on Tuesday December 31 2019, @09:08AM (9 children)

          by sjames (2882) on Tuesday December 31 2019, @09:08AM (#937801) Journal

          Seems to me. I haven't heard anything from a Libertarian candidate about abolishing the FDA, prescription laws, controlled substances, etc other than marijuana in a long time. Some libertarians (small L), yes, but not the party.

          • (Score: 0) by Anonymous Coward on Tuesday December 31 2019, @09:38AM

            by Anonymous Coward on Tuesday December 31 2019, @09:38AM (#937802)

            The L party is busy failing at trying to get attention. The media is an impenetrable barrier. Even YouTube is no good anymore. They will languish forever unless a miracle happens.

          • (Score: 1) by khallow on Tuesday December 31 2019, @02:05PM (7 children)

            by khallow (3766) Subscriber Badge on Tuesday December 31 2019, @02:05PM (#937826) Journal

            Seems to me.

            So what? Do you have some perception of Libertarians that is relevant to this thread? Seems to me that you don't.

            • (Score: 2) by sjames on Tuesday December 31 2019, @07:11PM (6 children)

              by sjames (2882) on Tuesday December 31 2019, @07:11PM (#937970) Journal

              Yes, I do. I have a perception of the offers on the table for representatives in the federal government.

              If you know otherwise, perhaps offer it up rather than telling me to shut up.

              • (Score: 2, Informative) by khallow on Wednesday January 01 2020, @07:49AM (5 children)

                by khallow (3766) Subscriber Badge on Wednesday January 01 2020, @07:49AM (#938157) Journal
                This is retarded bullshit. A simple google search would have changed your perception. For example, here's their stand [lp.org] on all illegal recreational drugs.

                The War on Drugs is ineffective at limiting access to dangerous drugs and, instead, empowers dangerous gangs that make incredible fortunes on the black market for these illegal drugs.

                The War on Drugs has imprisoned millions of non-violent people. This is unfair to these people and also uses up resources that would be better spent prosecuting and imprisoning people who are violent.

                The War on Drugs is largely responsible for the militarization of police forces in America. It has pitted police against citizens and this is unfair to both. Police need to be able to focus on protecting the American public from violent offenders and fraud.

                Lastly, Libertarians believe that it is immoral for the government to dictate which substances a person is permitted to consume, whether it is alcohol, tobacco, herbal remedies, saturated fat, marijuana, etc. These decisions belong to individual people, not the government.

                Because of all of these things, Libertarians advocate ending the War on Drugs.

                On the FDA, I read of opposing [lp.org] a ban on vaping products and supporting [alibertarian.org] raw butter producers, both running counter to the FDA on the matters. So there's that. What I find puzzle is what is supposed to be the point of the exercise? It's one thing if the information is likely to be massively popularized like who is president of the US or a smoking gun for dire climate change. But the Libertarian Party's present day stance on niche issues? You happen to know any other third party's stance on these things too, with examples of those stances? They would be just as obscure.

                It makes no sense to speak of your perception when it is ridiculously fallible, and you haven't actually bothered to perceive anything on top of that.

                This is such a massive failure of thought. You're not saying that the Libertarians have no position concerning these things (ignoring that they can't possibly speak of every flaw of government, they don't have the media bandwidth to do so), but the ludicrously banal claim that you merely don't perceive them to have this position without even the slightest effort made to justify why that is supposed to be significant. You are a stain on humanity - unfortunately far from alone. turgid pulled some similar crap in his journal where he claims not to understand why people voted for Brexit, and yet, when I mention a bunch of reasons [soylentnews.org], he comes up with the bullshit excuse that they're "rebutted", indicating that contrary to original assertion he did know of these reasons and came up with a really silly ritual for mentally ignoring those reasons.

                Perception is deceptive, particularly when you're buried in that echo chamber. And people who can't even google for information or ask/read about people with alternate beliefs and why they have those beliefs, have no business telling the rest of us about their perceptions. It's an utter waste of all our time.

                • (Score: -1, Troll) by Anonymous Coward on Wednesday January 01 2020, @07:51PM

                  by Anonymous Coward on Wednesday January 01 2020, @07:51PM (#938335)

                  Ooooh, he used the word retarded?!?!

                  Whatever happened to civil discourse in our country? Oh right, Rtards elected Trump the bigoted wanker pedophile con artist.

                  GOOD JOB MORONS!

                • (Score: 2) by sjames on Wednesday January 01 2020, @10:03PM (3 children)

                  by sjames (2882) on Wednesday January 01 2020, @10:03PM (#938377) Journal

                  Sure, and Google's charter said "Don't be evil". I know what the "party line" is, not show me an actual candidate that is actually talking about DOING anything about it? Any nastygrams to the FDA, any bills introduced?

                  • (Score: 1) by khallow on Thursday January 02 2020, @01:12AM (2 children)

                    by khallow (3766) Subscriber Badge on Thursday January 02 2020, @01:12AM (#938445) Journal

                    I know what the "party line" is, not show me an actual candidate that is actually talking about DOING anything about it?

                    Well, if you know the "party line", then you know a lot of what actual candidates are actually talking about DOING. Really, what do you think a "party line" is in the first place? This is a large part of why I described the argument as retarded. You've already allowed that you've witnessed what you're demanding to see. You've not only chased your own tail, but you caught it too. Good job!

                    Any nastygrams to the FDA, any bills introduced?

                    I count two such nastygrams in my previous post. And how does one introduce bills to curb FDA power, when one doesn't have any elected officials at that level to introduce those bills?

                    • (Score: 2) by sjames on Friday January 10 2020, @07:11AM (1 child)

                      by sjames (2882) on Friday January 10 2020, @07:11AM (#941800) Journal

                      Any action at the state level (there are a few in state government)? Any candidates talking about it lately?

                      • (Score: 1) by khallow on Friday January 10 2020, @01:43PM

                        by khallow (3766) Subscriber Badge on Friday January 10 2020, @01:43PM (#941858) Journal
                        I don't care any more. I don't monitor the actions of the Libertarian Party any more closely than you do. If you want to know, you can always google/duckduckgo for yourself. I think you'll find that they, like most third parties in the US are serious about following their ideals, but won't be given a blank check to implement those ideals in our lifetimes.
    • (Score: 1, Disagree) by fustakrakich on Tuesday December 31 2019, @03:22AM (26 children)

      by fustakrakich (6150) on Tuesday December 31 2019, @03:22AM (#937719) Journal

      Government choosing who wins and loses is not an aspect of capitalism.

      Of course it is. And it's as natural as the sunrise, as is every human interaction. The government is just another player. The government is us. Everything happens because we let or want it to happen.

      --
      La politica e i criminali sono la stessa cosa..
      • (Score: 2) by The Mighty Buzzard on Tuesday December 31 2019, @04:32AM (13 children)

        by The Mighty Buzzard (18) Subscriber Badge <themightybuzzard@proton.me> on Tuesday December 31 2019, @04:32AM (#937746) Homepage Journal

        No, it is an aspect of government. Which economic system they pay lip service to is irrelevant. Saying otherwise when you know better is simply lying out your ass.

        --
        My rights don't end where your fear begins.
        • (Score: 1) by fustakrakich on Tuesday December 31 2019, @07:33AM (12 children)

          by fustakrakich (6150) on Tuesday December 31 2019, @07:33AM (#937790) Journal

          Please, don't take yourself so seriously. All our systems are still simple might makes right. Capitalism is just normal natural animal exchange, actually an abstraction layer, like Java, to hide the innards. Still just chimps trading bananas.

          You cannot separate yourself from your government. It is your creation.

          --
          La politica e i criminali sono la stessa cosa..
          • (Score: 2) by The Mighty Buzzard on Tuesday December 31 2019, @04:47PM (11 children)

            by The Mighty Buzzard (18) Subscriber Badge <themightybuzzard@proton.me> on Tuesday December 31 2019, @04:47PM (#937887) Homepage Journal

            Which neither alters nor refutes anything I've said.

            --
            My rights don't end where your fear begins.
            • (Score: 1) by fustakrakich on Tuesday December 31 2019, @06:45PM (10 children)

              by fustakrakich (6150) on Tuesday December 31 2019, @06:45PM (#937952) Journal

              Of course it does. You're making distinctions without a difference. You cannot separate "government" from anything else.

              --
              La politica e i criminali sono la stessa cosa..
              • (Score: 2) by The Mighty Buzzard on Tuesday December 31 2019, @06:48PM (9 children)

                by The Mighty Buzzard (18) Subscriber Badge <themightybuzzard@proton.me> on Tuesday December 31 2019, @06:48PM (#937955) Homepage Journal

                You most certainly can. It is an abstraction but it has important facets that do not apply to individuals.

                --
                My rights don't end where your fear begins.
                • (Score: 1) by fustakrakich on Tuesday December 31 2019, @06:56PM (8 children)

                  by fustakrakich (6150) on Tuesday December 31 2019, @06:56PM (#937960) Journal

                  No different than any other large institution. It responds to the same stimuli, from the same people. It is still your creation.

                  --
                  La politica e i criminali sono la stessa cosa..
                  • (Score: 2) by The Mighty Buzzard on Tuesday December 31 2019, @10:28PM (7 children)

                    by The Mighty Buzzard (18) Subscriber Badge <themightybuzzard@proton.me> on Tuesday December 31 2019, @10:28PM (#938040) Homepage Journal

                    No, in fact a government does not respond to the same stimuli as an individual or any other form of large institution. Its scope and function are different from every other sort, thus what it responds to differs accordingly.

                    --
                    My rights don't end where your fear begins.
                    • (Score: 1) by fustakrakich on Wednesday January 01 2020, @05:24AM (6 children)

                      by fustakrakich (6150) on Wednesday January 01 2020, @05:24AM (#938130) Journal

                      You create differences where there are none. All power works the same way. The force is universal, and singular. The only "government" you are subject to is finance.

                      --
                      La politica e i criminali sono la stessa cosa..
                      • (Score: 1) by khallow on Wednesday January 01 2020, @07:52AM (3 children)

                        by khallow (3766) Subscriber Badge on Wednesday January 01 2020, @07:52AM (#938158) Journal
                        Here, you are again wasting our time. TMB is right here. Maybe you'll think next time or at least explain your position rather than feed us a patter of bullshit.
                        • (Score: 0, Troll) by fustakrakich on Wednesday January 01 2020, @08:26AM (2 children)

                          by fustakrakich (6150) on Wednesday January 01 2020, @08:26AM (#938161) Journal

                          Only you can waste your own time. And you are still wrong... And since you don't listen, there is no point in explaining anything to you. You shall follow your master into the abyss.

                          --
                          La politica e i criminali sono la stessa cosa..
                          • (Score: 0) by Anonymous Coward on Thursday January 02 2020, @12:30AM (1 child)

                            by Anonymous Coward on Thursday January 02 2020, @12:30AM (#938428)

                            Ah, the moderator, the scoundrel that has nothing to offer

                            • (Score: 0) by Anonymous Coward on Thursday January 02 2020, @12:48AM

                              by Anonymous Coward on Thursday January 02 2020, @12:48AM (#938435)

                              fustakrakich is the embodiment of having nothing to offer.

                      • (Score: 2) by The Mighty Buzzard on Thursday January 02 2020, @12:36PM (1 child)

                        by The Mighty Buzzard (18) Subscriber Badge <themightybuzzard@proton.me> on Thursday January 02 2020, @12:36PM (#938566) Homepage Journal

                        You might as well say that water and hydrogen peroxide chemically react the same because they have the same kind of atoms. No, that's not generalized to absurdity enough to cover your argument. You're arguing more along the lines of diamond and elemental sodium will react the same because they're both made of protons, neutrons, and electrons.

                        --
                        My rights don't end where your fear begins.
                        • (Score: 1) by fustakrakich on Thursday January 02 2020, @05:18PM

                          by fustakrakich (6150) on Thursday January 02 2020, @05:18PM (#938688) Journal

                          You're looking at the various reactions and fail to see that the force that causes a reaction is the same, regardless the composition. There is only one. Obviously this is the nature of people also. We are aggregated, animated dust.

                          "Capitalism" works because it occurs naturally. It works better if kept open. Communism is simply closed capitalism by an elite group. Like a monarchy it restricts upward mobility. On our side of the curtain we use finance for the same purpose, to ration capital and provide distraction to pacify, divide, and disperse the anger, and the voters give full consent when electing the bankers' servants to high office. This is the "government" they want. If you got any complaints, chalk it up the well documented natural long term effects of majority rule and collective living [urban lifestyle]

                          --
                          La politica e i criminali sono la stessa cosa..
      • (Score: 2, Interesting) by khallow on Tuesday December 31 2019, @06:13AM (11 children)

        by khallow (3766) Subscriber Badge on Tuesday December 31 2019, @06:13AM (#937776) Journal

        Of course it is not.

        FTFY. Amazing how your post goes poof, when we correct this minor detail.

        Remember capitalism is just private ownership of capital and the rules necessary to make that happen. Magical leaps of logic to claiming that deliberate breaking of capitalism, such as via the said non-private choosing of winners and losers, do not change that in the least.

        • (Score: 0, Troll) by fustakrakich on Tuesday December 31 2019, @07:38AM (10 children)

          by fustakrakich (6150) on Tuesday December 31 2019, @07:38AM (#937791) Journal

          You, as a simple mouthpiece of your benefactors, just express denial.

          --
          La politica e i criminali sono la stessa cosa..
          • (Score: 1) by khallow on Tuesday December 31 2019, @02:19PM (9 children)

            by khallow (3766) Subscriber Badge on Tuesday December 31 2019, @02:19PM (#937828) Journal
            You remain wrong no matter who I'm allegedly a mouthpiece for. Words mean things.
            • (Score: 1) by fustakrakich on Tuesday December 31 2019, @03:17PM (8 children)

              by fustakrakich (6150) on Tuesday December 31 2019, @03:17PM (#937838) Journal

              You remain wrong

              Your simple repetition does not make it so.

              Words mean things.

              And you make it clear they mean different things to different people, but yeah, you should listen to them some time.

              --
              La politica e i criminali sono la stessa cosa..
              • (Score: 1) by khallow on Tuesday December 31 2019, @04:10PM (7 children)

                by khallow (3766) Subscriber Badge on Tuesday December 31 2019, @04:10PM (#937869) Journal

                Your simple repetition does not make it so.

                Fortunately, I did more than merely repeat myself. Let's move on:

                And you make it clear they mean different things to different people

                If I can't find your meaning in a dictionary, then fuck off. Semantics woo where words mean whatever you currently feel like is a waste of time, particularly, when you can't even be bothered to state the meaning as you choose to feel it. Look at this thread, for example. It's not just you. Nobody states a definition of capitalism until I do. In case you're wondering if my definition matches the real world, here's a real world definition of capitalism [merriam-webster.com]:

                an economic system characterized by private or corporate ownership of capital goods, by investments that are determined by private decision, and by prices, production, and the distribution of goods that are determined mainly by competition in a free market

                Where does governments picking winners and losers fit into that? It doesn't.

                And I find it remarkable how you claim "mean different things to different people" while ignoring the explicit meaning of capitalism I stated. I made it quite clear what capitalism meant to me and you just blew it off with an idiotic conspiracy quip.

                You, as a simple mouthpiece of your benefactors, just express denial.

                Practice what you preach instead of practicing semantics fallacies.

                • (Score: 1) by fustakrakich on Tuesday December 31 2019, @04:25PM (6 children)

                  by fustakrakich (6150) on Tuesday December 31 2019, @04:25PM (#937880) Journal

                  Where does governments picking winners and losers fit into that?

                  You pick the government. You are the government. You are the ones picking winners and losers. In both economics and politics your collective has all the power. It's why we can't get the sports package without all the ugly chrome trim and landau roof.

                  Everything you ever say is nothing but an appeal to authority. It defines your world, hence the corruption of "meaning".

                  --
                  La politica e i criminali sono la stessa cosa..
                  • (Score: 1) by khallow on Tuesday December 31 2019, @05:06PM (5 children)

                    by khallow (3766) Subscriber Badge on Tuesday December 31 2019, @05:06PM (#937909) Journal
                    And Mr. Brain Noise continues:

                    You pick the government. You are the government.

                    Still quite irrelevant to capitalism even if those sentences were true.

                    In both economics and politics your collective has all the power.

                    Collectives aren't capitalism.

                    Everything you ever say is nothing but an appeal to authority.

                    No authority and no appeal to said authority makes that yet another false assertion.

                    It defines your world, hence the corruption of "meaning".

                    And now semantics nihilism. You're subject to your own logic. Stop wasting my time.

                    • (Score: 1) by fustakrakich on Tuesday December 31 2019, @06:54PM (4 children)

                      by fustakrakich (6150) on Tuesday December 31 2019, @06:54PM (#937959) Journal

                      Collectives aren't capitalism.

                      Again you prove yourself wrong. The market is a collective, on both sides, buying and selling. The collective decides what you see on the shelf and at what price. Your "capitalism" is communist!

                      And nobody is "wasting" your time but you.

                      --
                      La politica e i criminali sono la stessa cosa..
                      • (Score: 1) by khallow on Wednesday January 01 2020, @02:58AM (3 children)

                        by khallow (3766) Subscriber Badge on Wednesday January 01 2020, @02:58AM (#938112) Journal

                        The market is a collective, on both sides

                        "A collective" what? Words have meaning.

                        • (Score: 1) by fustakrakich on Wednesday January 01 2020, @05:30AM (2 children)

                          by fustakrakich (6150) on Wednesday January 01 2020, @05:30AM (#938132) Journal

                          A collective mass of capital.

                          You keep repeating your little meme there, and still fail to comprehend... There is one word to define you... obtuse.

                          --
                          La politica e i criminali sono la stessa cosa..
                          • (Score: 1) by khallow on Wednesday January 01 2020, @07:13AM (1 child)

                            by khallow (3766) Subscriber Badge on Wednesday January 01 2020, @07:13AM (#938151) Journal
                            You're moving the semantics goalposts.

                            You keep repeating your little meme there, and still fail to comprehend... There is one word to define you... obtuse.

                            As opposed to "idiot" for you? You can't even explain the meaning you think words have much less say anything relevant and coherent. It's quite the remarkable dysfunction there.

                            • (Score: 1) by fustakrakich on Wednesday January 01 2020, @08:29AM

                              by fustakrakich (6150) on Wednesday January 01 2020, @08:29AM (#938163) Journal

                              You're moving the semantics goalposts.

                              Nonsense, there are no goalposts, you are simply blinded by your own bias.

                              --
                              La politica e i criminali sono la stessa cosa..
    • (Score: 2) by krishnoid on Tuesday December 31 2019, @05:39AM (3 children)

      by krishnoid (1156) on Tuesday December 31 2019, @05:39AM (#937766)

      Maybe not, but it sure as hell isn't a free market. Unless a "free market" includes negotiating with the government to ensure monopoly powers and legal complexity -- which it might, depending on the extent of "free" in that concept.

      • (Score: 1) by khallow on Tuesday December 31 2019, @06:16AM

        by khallow (3766) Subscriber Badge on Tuesday December 31 2019, @06:16AM (#937777) Journal
        Was anyone claiming developed world pharm markets were free markets? Perhaps you? Else there's not much point to the observation.
      • (Score: 3, Informative) by The Mighty Buzzard on Tuesday December 31 2019, @06:31AM

        by The Mighty Buzzard (18) Subscriber Badge <themightybuzzard@proton.me> on Tuesday December 31 2019, @06:31AM (#937782) Homepage Journal

        You ain't wrong. We're way the hell off of anything resembling free market capitalism, or even well managed capitalism, as far as drugs go. Which is exactly why you have to have insurance for routine prescriptions.

        --
        My rights don't end where your fear begins.
      • (Score: 2) by DeathMonkey on Tuesday December 31 2019, @06:31PM

        by DeathMonkey (1380) on Tuesday December 31 2019, @06:31PM (#937946) Journal

        Guess where there aren't a whole lot of regulations around this stuff: RWANDA!

        And in fact, the place where the FDA DOESN"T exist has the expensive drugs where the place where it DOES exist has the cheap drugs.

        Hmmm....

    • (Score: 2) by DeathMonkey on Tuesday December 31 2019, @06:29PM

      by DeathMonkey (1380) on Tuesday December 31 2019, @06:29PM (#937944) Journal

      So did y'all forget we're talking about RWANDA here or what?

  • (Score: 4, Interesting) by Tokolosh on Tuesday December 31 2019, @03:17PM

    by Tokolosh (585) on Tuesday December 31 2019, @03:17PM (#937839)

    If you think America is a bastion of free markets and capitalism, and the Nordic countries (and others) are state-directed socialist regimes, I urge you to read "The Great Reversal - How America Gave Up on Free Markets" by Thomas Philippon. To quote from the blurb:

    In this much-anticipated book, a leading economist argues that many key problems of the American economy are due not to the flaws of capitalism or the inevitabilities of globalization but to the concentration of corporate power. By lobbying against competition, the biggest firms drive profits higher while depressing wages and limiting opportunities for investment, innovation, and growth.

    Why are cell-phone plans so much more expensive in the United States than in Europe? It seems a simple question. But the search for an answer took Thomas Philippon on an unexpected journey through some of the most complex and hotly debated issues in modern economics. Ultimately he reached his surprising conclusion: American markets, once a model for the world, are giving up on healthy competition. Sector after economic sector is more concentrated than it was twenty years ago, dominated by fewer and bigger players who lobby politicians aggressively to protect and expand their profit margins. Across the country, this drives up prices while driving down investment, productivity, growth, and wages, resulting in more inequality. Meanwhile, Europe—long dismissed for competitive sclerosis and weak antitrust—is beating America at its own game.

    Philippon, one of the world’s leading economists, did not expect these conclusions in the age of Silicon Valley start-ups and millennial millionaires. But the data from his cutting-edge research proved undeniable. In this compelling tale of economic detective work, we follow him as he works out the basic facts and consequences of industry concentration in the U.S. and Europe, shows how lobbying and campaign contributions have defanged antitrust regulators, and considers what all this means for free trade, technology, and innovation. For the sake of ordinary Americans, he concludes, government needs to return to what it once did best: keeping the playing field level for competition. It’s time to make American markets great—and free—again.