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An experiment suggested by a Ph.D. student may rewrite chemistry textbooks:
The project looked at a fundamental question: Which properties are inherent to a metal and which are incidental?
[...] The scientists cooled ammonia—normally a gas at room temperature—to minus 33 C to liquify it and then added, in separate experiments, the alkali metals lithium, sodium and potassium.
In these solutions, electrons from the alkali metal initially become trapped in the gaps between ammonia molecules. This creates what scientists call 'solvated electrons,' which are highly reactive but stabilized in the ammonia. These solutions have a characteristic blue color. But given enough solvated electrons, the whole liquid turns bronze and, in essence, becomes a metal while remaining liquid.
[...] The scientists next measured the amount of energy needed to bump the solvated electrons out of metallic ammonia using an extremely bright and focused X-ray beam based in Berlin.
In a first-ever experiment, they forced different concentrations of the metallic ammonia through a microjet, which created a stream about the width of a human hair that then passed through a hair-thin X-ray beam.
The results showed that, at low concentrations, solvated electrons were more easily dislodged from the solution by the interaction with the X-rays, giving a simple energy pattern. At higher concentrations, though, the energy pattern suddenly developed a sharp band edge, indicating the solution was behaving as a metal would.
Journal Reference:
Tillmann Buttersack, Philip E. Mason, Ryan S. McMullen, et al. Photoelectron spectra of alkali metal–ammonia microjets: From blue electrolyte to bronze metal [$], Science (DOI: 10.1126/science.aaz7607)
(Score: 3, Insightful) by c0lo on Thursday June 25 2020, @10:31AM (5 children)
Knowing the propensity of sodium and potassium to throw quite a serious tantrum when in contact with water, I reckon the defense against that T-1000 line is simply just to piss on them - their electrons will turn golden for a nanosecond... maybe.
Longer than that and you don't want to be near them for a short while, hydrogen explosions is not something to experience at close quarters (if you want to tell the story after).
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aoFiw2jMy-0
(Score: 2) by Freeman on Thursday June 25 2020, @03:41PM (1 child)
Wouldn't be the first guy to die from peeing on something.
Joshua 1:9 "Be strong and of a good courage; be not afraid, neither be thou dismayed: for the Lord thy God is with thee"
(Score: 2) by c0lo on Thursday June 25 2020, @04:07PM
That will teach them to piss at low pressure/small distance and for long enough time, yes.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aoFiw2jMy-0
(Score: 2) by FatPhil on Thursday June 25 2020, @09:42PM (1 child)
Great minds discuss ideas; average minds discuss events; small minds discuss people; the smallest discuss themselves
(Score: 2) by c0lo on Thursday June 25 2020, @11:18PM
May be true**, but in human perception/reaction time scale, the time from the first water contact 'til the final pop is as good as instantaneous. So, better piss on an alkali alloy T-1000 from a safe distance.
** the evolution of those tendrils, may not happen outside the narrow range of low temperature + saturating vapors of ammonia. The reaction of alkali with water is highly exothermic, to the point in which I suspect a chaotically oscillating boundary layer of water vapors+ hydrogen forms at the contact between the alkali and water (fast reaction => heat + the vapours layer => reaction starved of water and slowing => dissipation of the gaseous layer and back where we started but at a higher temperature; all at a max speed of the speed of sound in water).
Now, the heat developed by the reaction would surely melt away any tendrils so fast that I don't think they will have time to actually form. This said, there may be a mechanism involved in increasing the reaction area - the temperature and the variations in pressure are likely to cause expulsion of alkaly droplets from the metal surface into the water. Something similar with burning phosphorus in air [youtu.be].
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aoFiw2jMy-0
(Score: 2) by arslan on Friday June 26 2020, @05:45AM
Uhh... I'm not so sure putting my exposed member near a killer liquid robot that can project blades is such a good idea.. blades that can slice through steel. Did I mention blades?