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A machine that might change how small businesses and hobbyists manufacture circuit boards has just reached its Kickstarter goals in a matter of minutes:
The Voltera V-One circuit printer, one of our favorite finds at CES this year, just launched its crowdfunding campaign on Kickstarter — and hit $100,000 in 35 minutes.
The Voltera system provides multiple capabilities: It will print the traces for your prototype circuit board (at 8mil space and trace), dispense solder paste to allow you to place SMD components on professionally manufactured boards, and provide heat for reflowing those electronics onto boards. And it prints multiple layers with a transparent ink.
The extruders on the system pop on and off with magnetic clasps, allowing for easy transitions between materials.
Initially priced at $1499, it is perhaps beyond the reach of many home constructors, but I expect that prices will fall in time and then we can say goodbye to the chemicals and UV lights.
Original Submission
(Score: 1, Informative) by Anonymous Coward on Sunday July 05 2015, @08:29AM
PCI makes *MUCH MORE* sense than PCIe. Besides supporting all those legacy systems as you aptly put it (which also includes 98 percent of PPC macs, sparc systems, itanium, PA-RISC, etc.) There are pciex1 to pci adapters for supporting newer systems, and oftentimes it is as cheap or cheaper to buy one of those adapters than to do a PCIex1 equivalent of a PCI card (there are exceptions, ymmv, etc.)
PCIe has ended up in the expected, but unpleasant situation where the majority of PCIe ports are useless due to shortsightedness on the consumer-grade motherboard designer's parts. While x1 data is acceptable, x1 physical slots are not since x2+ pinned cards are incapable of fitting in the slots without physical modifications or adapters which interfere with height standards for the majority of cards. While many people can tolerate the performance hit, most cannot tolerate sacrificing the sole PCIe x16 or x4 (x16 physical) slot from its graphics cards duties to its duties as a SATA/USB3.1/Ethernet expansion. The result of this is PCI cards still being cheap (since they work on almost everything), and PCIe cards being expensive and slow (since the majority of x1 cards are more affordably replaced with a new motherboard integrating their features), and the cards providing beneficial features requiring either PCI slots, if cheap or low bandwidth, or cards costing as much as the motherboard which utilize higher bandwidth PCIe connections, usually standardized on x4 or x8 and physically incompatible with the multiple x1 ports on the average consumer motherboard.
Additionally the commonly used PCI standards should be out of or shortly exiting patent protection, something which PCIe won't do for at least another 5-10 years.
(Score: 1) by tftp on Sunday July 05 2015, @10:30PM
Additionally the commonly used PCI standards should be out of or shortly exiting patent protection, something which PCIe won't do for at least another 5-10 years.
Perhaps you need to pay royalties if you make your own PCI chipset - then you need to be a member of PCI-SIG. But I can't imagine why you'd need to pay, and for what, if you are merely connecting to an existing bus. Apple used to charge for each FireWire port, and that killed FireWire.
PCIe endpoints are available in Xilinx devices; for example [xilinx.com]:
Xilinx provides a 7 Series FPGA solution for PCI Express® (PCIe) to configure the 7 Series FPGA Integrated Block for PCIe and includes additional logic to create a complete solution for PCIe. This Xilinx Block Wrapper for PCIe simplifies the design process and reduces time-to-market. Many easy-to-use features and optimal configuration for Endpoint and Root Port applications are available at no additional cost.
If you are not interested in an FPGA, there are a few silicon vendors that will sell you a PCIe endpoint that is coupled with some useful function. The same is available for PCI, but those interfaces are quickly moving into the "obsolete" pile - and you do not want to depend on a product that has a last time buy date. Also do not underestimate the added costs of routing about 40 additional traces of controlled length (PCI/32), as opposed to three differential pairs of any length (PCIe x1.) A 32-bit, 33 MHz PCI slot gives you an equivalent of 1 Gbps, but a single PCIe 1.1 lane gives you 2.5 Gbps. A single USB 3.x port gives you 5 Gbps, and it is externally connectable and scalable.