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Cells: Divide and enlarge [phys.org]:

September 22, 2020

Cells: Divide and enlarge

By far the most important process in cell development is how cells divide and then enlarge in order to multiply.

A research team headed by Freiburg medical scientist Prof. Dr. Robert Grosse has now discovered that bundled fibers of actin within a cell nucleus play an important part in how they enlarge after division. Fibers of the structural protein actin stabilize the outer form of the cell and transport substances into a cell. The mechanisms that influence the growth of the cell nucleus after division were less well known by scientists. The researchers have published their results in the journal EMBO reports.

After dividing, cell nuclei have to grow in order to reorganize and unpack the genetic information in chromatin, the basic genetic material, and so process and read it. With this work the scientists show that bundled fibers of actin—which are normally responsible for exercising force—work within the cell to expand the nucleus. Using a video microscope the researchers have measured in living cells how cell nuclei enlarge immediately after division. In order to observe the fibers of actin and skeletal structures in the cell nucleus, they also used a high-resolution super-resolution microscope.

In the future Grosse and his team want to clarify whether mechanical forces work within the cell nucleus to re-organize them to sort the genetic information. If so, this process could for example be disrupted or changed in tumor cells or play a part in stem cells.

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The filaments that structure DNA [phys.org]More information: Sylvia Krippner et al, Postmitotic expansion of cell nuclei requires nuclear actin filament bundling by α‐actinin 4, EMBO reports (2020). DOI: 10.15252/embr.202050758 [doi.org]Journal information:EMBO Reports [phys.org] Provided by University of Freiburg [phys.org]Citation: Cells: Divide and enlarge (2020, September 22) retrieved 22 September 2020 from https://phys.org/news/2020-09-cells-enlarge.html [phys.org] This document is subject to copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study or research, no part may be reproduced without the written permission. The content is provided for information purposes only.

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Journal Reference:
Sylvia Krippner, Jannik Winkelmeier, Julian Knerr, et al. Postmitotic expansion of cell nuclei requires nuclear actin filament bundling by α‐actinin 4 [open], EMBO reports (DOI: 10.15252/embr.202050758 [doi.org])

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