https://arstechnica.com/science/2024/10/effort-to-bring-back-the-tasmanian-tiger-builds-steam/
Colossal, the company founded to try to restore the mammoth to the Arctic tundra, has also decided to tackle a number of other species that have gone extinct relatively recently: the dodo and the thylacine. Because of significant differences in biology, not the least of which is the generation time of Proboscideans, these other efforts may reach many critical milestones well in advance of the work on mammoths.
[...]
Colossal has branched out from its original de-extinction mission to include efforts to keep species from ever needing its services. In the case of marsupial predators, the de-extinction effort is incorporating work that will benefit existing marsupial predators: generating resistance to the toxins found on the cane toad, an invasive species that has spread widely across Australia.
[...]
For the de-extinction process, the goal would be to ensure that the thylacine could survive in the presence of the cane toad. But Colossal has also begun a conservation effort, called the Colossal foundation, that aims to keep threatened species from needing its services in the future.
[...]
Colossal has obtained a nearly complete genome sequence from a thylacine sample that was preserved in ethanol a bit over a century ago. According to Pask, this sample contains both the short fragments typical of older DNA samples (typically just a few hundred base pairs long), but also some DNA molecules that were above 10,000 bases long. This allowed them to do both short- and long-read sequencing, leaving them with just 45 gaps in the total genome sequence, which the team expects to close shortly.
[...]
The final thing the company announced was that it was working on getting dunnart embryos to develop outside of the womb.
[...]
At this point, they've got immature neural cells and have started forming the cells that will go on to form muscles and the vertebrae. But many critical events need to happen in the remaining one-third of the pregnancy, and Colossal isn't ready to talk about what goes wrong to stop development here.
[...]
Hopefully, over time, the company will continue to submit some of its work to peer-reviewed journals.In the meantime, the clear indications of progress suggest that some of the unique features of the marsupials—relatively rapid generation times, accessible reproductive system, and many similarities to well-studied placental mammals—are helping this project move ahead at a reasonably rapid clip.
Previously on SoylentNews:
Scientists Try to Bring Australian 'Tiger' Back From Extinction - 20220531
Tasmanian Tigers Were in Poor Genetic Health Prior to Extinction - 20171212
Related Stories
Tasmanian tigers were suffering from poor genetic diversity prior to being hunted to extinction by humans:
Australian scientists sequenced the genome of the native marsupial, also known as the thylacine. It showed the species, alive until 1936, would have struggled to survive even without human contact. The research also provides further insights into the marsupial's unique appearance.
"Even if we hadn't hunted it to extinction, our analysis showed that the thylacine was in very poor [genetic] health," said lead researcher Dr Andrew Pask, from the University of Melbourne. "The population today would be very susceptible to diseases, and would not be very healthy."
He said problems with genetic diversity could be traced back as far as 70,000 years ago, when the population is thought to have suffered due to a climatic event.
The researchers sequenced the genome from a 106-year-old specimen held by Museums Victoria. They said their study, published in the journal Nature Ecology and Evolution, is one of the most complete genetic blueprints of an extinct species.
Genome of the Tasmanian tiger provides insights into the evolution and demography of an extinct marsupial carnivore (open, DOI: 10.1038/s41559-017-0417-y) (DX)
Related: Huge Population and Lack of Genetic Diversity Killed Off the Passenger Pigeon
Scientists try to bring Australian 'tiger' back from extinction:
The scientist reached into an enclosure in the biosciences building at the University of Melbourne and pulled out a dunnart — a mouse-sized marsupial with huge, inky black eyes. [...]
The enclosure is part of the university's newly established Thylacine Integrated Genetic Restoration Research (TIGRR) Lab. A team of genetic scientists led by biosciences professor Andrew Pask is attempting to make the concept of "de-extinction" a reality. [...]
Here's the plan to bring it [thylacine, aka Tasmanian tiger] back: First, turn dunnart cells into thylacine cells using gene-editing technology. Then use the thylacine cells to create an embryo, either in a petri dish or the womb of a living animal. Implant the embryo into a female marsupial such as a quoll, and watch the quoll give birth to a thylacine baby. When the baby is old enough to leave the quoll pouch, raise it into adulthood. Repeat and establish a healthy population, with the goal of releasing thylacines into the wild.
"It is certainly feasible," said Owain Edwards, Environmental Synthetic Genomics group leader at the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, who is not involved in the project. "Absolutely. What they're proposing to do, can be done. What isn't clear to anybody yet is: What exactly will result from it? Because it will never be a pure thylacine."
(Score: 1, Troll) by Mojibake Tengu on Friday October 25, @04:28PM (7 children)
What about de-extinction of aboriginal human population in Tasmania and Australia and Indigenous human population in North America?
Rust programming language offends both my Intelligence and my Spirit.
(Score: 4, Funny) by looorg on Friday October 25, @04:47PM (2 children)
Why limit yourself? Bring them all back! Bringing back Cro-Magnon, the Homo Habilis, the Homo Erectus or even the Homo Neanderthalensis. We wiped them out before, we can do it again!
I'm still waiting for T-rex or any dino. Preferably not a predator or one of the carnivorous once. Perhaps even the Aurochs. I want auroch-burgers!
(Score: 2) by driverless on Saturday October 26, @11:30AM (1 child)
Also cthonians, shoggoths, nightgaunts, tcho-tcho, shantak, mi-go, and byakhee. May as well make it exciting and interesting.
(Score: 2) by looorg on Saturday October 26, @01:19PM
But they are not extinct. They are just sleeping with Big C. Or hanging out on Pluto.
(Score: 1, Informative) by Anonymous Coward on Friday October 25, @05:31PM (3 children)
Asshole.
https://phys.org/news/2013-08-dna-earth.html [phys.org]
https://dnacenter.com/blog/are-all-humans-related-a-deep-dive-into-our-dna/ [dnacenter.com]
https://qz.com/557639/everyone-on-earth-is-actually-your-cousin [qz.com]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_evolutionary_genetics#Genetic_differences_among_modern_humans [wikipedia.org]
https://archive.ph/10o5m [archive.ph]
(Score: 2, Insightful) by Anonymous Coward on Friday October 25, @06:49PM (2 children)
Apparently, someone objected to the adjective "asshole" here.
Which, as someone said to me a long time ago, "if someone is acting stupid, you call them an 'asshole'. But often they're misunderstand that you're chastising them for acting stupid and think you're just being mean."
The point of the multiple links was to show GP's stupidity and not to troll. Because the Maori, Australian Aborigines and American First Peoples/those that migrated to the Americas either across the Bering land bridge or by sea, dead or not, are so closely related to other humans, that there is (at least from a genetic standpoint) no distinction between those groups and other extant human populations.
As such, they are not genetically extinct at all.
Perhaps an argument could be made that their *cultures* are extinct, but that's not the same thing at all.
and so I repeat myself -- asshole!
(Score: 1) by khallow on Friday October 25, @10:42PM
And in that vein, you can't birth a culture. It takes years of knowledge transfer from someone already living in the culture. Maybe we could learn enough about some extinct cultures that we could create AI humanoid robots to raise some humans in the culture. But it'll take a lot more work than birthing extinct species would.
(Score: 3, Interesting) by ChrisMaple on Saturday October 26, @05:00PM
"Asshole" implies malevolence, particularly on a continuing basis. This is not in evidence here. "Ignoramus" is more likely and less insulting. The adjective "cheeky" might also apply.
(Score: 2, Insightful) by pTamok on Friday October 25, @09:32PM (2 children)
It's all well and good having the DNA, but there's more to an eukaryote than the nuclear DNA.
1) Mitochondrial DNA, which is outside the nucleus, and inherited almost completely from the ovum. If you are restoring an organism from nuclear DNA, you are missing this.
2) The rest of the extra-nuclear 'scaffolding' in the cell being fertilised, not DNA based.
3) Things learned from 'nuture' - things taught to an organism from (mainly) its parents and other organisms of the same species. Reconstructing a human baby won't get you far with humans, because they are not self-supporting after birth. We don't have parental mammoths, dodos, or thylacines. What use is a baby 'thing' if we don't have adult 'things' around to teach it how to survive?
We are not going to produce mammoths. We might produce something that looks like a mammoth, but we have no way of teaching a baby mammoth how to be a mammoth like the originals. And, without the right environment to put one in, we are unlikely to get a good approximation.
While this is a jolly interesting academic exercise, we should really be doing out best not to drive more species to extinction: preserve what we have. So far, we are not very good at that.
(Score: 2, Interesting) by khallow on Friday October 25, @10:45PM (1 child)
We can fake it well enough. We can be the adults for the first generation and then once they get established, have them raise subsequent generations. Now, if you're trying to establish a specific culture (say, mammoths behaving exactly like 10k old mammoths did), then that's probably impossible even if we had somehow actual recordings of mammoth behavior from that time.
(Score: 2) by ChrisMaple on Saturday October 26, @05:04PM
I like your point. I'll also add, a tiger does not fail to be a tiger because it was born in a zoo.