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posted by cmn32480 on Saturday October 22 2016, @04:23PM   Printer-friendly
from the weebles-wobble-but-they-don't-fall-down dept.

Arthur T Knackerbracket has found the following story:

The massive hypothetical object, which supposedly looms at the edge of our solar system, has been invoked to explain the strange clustering of objects in the Kuiper belt and the unusual way they orbit the Sun.

Now Planet Nine predictors Konstantin Batygin and Mike Brown of Caltech, along with graduate student Elizabeth Bailey, offer another piece of evidence for the elusive sphere's existence: It adds "wobble" to the solar system, they say, tilting it in relation to the sun.

"Because Planet Nine is so massive and has an orbit tilted compared to the other planets, the solar system has no choice but to slowly twist out of alignment," lead author Bailey said in a statement.

Before we go any further, a caveat about Planet Nine: It's purely theoretical at this point. Batygin and Brown predict its existence based on unusual perturbations of the solar system that aren't otherwise easily explained. (This is the same technique scientists used to find Neptune.) But the history of astronomy is rife with speculation that is never borne out: The same guy who correctly predicted the existence of Neptune also believed that a planet he called Vulcan was responsible for the wobble of Mercury. That "discovery" caused the astronomy world to waste years looking for something that wasn't there. (Mercury's wobble was eventually explained by the theory of general relativity.)

But the evidence offered by Batygin and Brown is compelling. When the pair announced their find in January, planetary scientist Alessandro Morbidelli of the Côte d'Azur Observatory in Nice, France, told The Washington Post: "I don't see any alternative explanation to that offered by Batygin and Brown."

"We will find it one day," he added. "The question is when."

Planet Nine's angular momentum is having an outsized impact on the solar system based on its location and size. A planet's angular momentum equals the mass of an object multiplied by its distance from the sun, and corresponds with the force that the planet exerts on the overall system's spin. Because the other planets in the solar system all exist along a flat plane, their angular momentum works to keep the whole disk spinning smoothly.

Planet Nine's unusual orbit, however, adds a multi-billion-year wobble to that system. Mathematically, given the hypothesized size and distance of Planet Nine, a six-degree tilt fits perfectly, Brown says.


Original Submission #1; Original Submission #2

 
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  • (Score: 2) by HiThere on Sunday October 23 2016, @06:26PM

    by HiThere (866) Subscriber Badge on Sunday October 23 2016, @06:26PM (#417909) Journal

    You're making assumptions about the speed of accretion. That said, if it had been emitting X-rays would we know? The atmosphere is opaque to X-rays, so only space probes could see it, and they're pretty busy, and if the accretion was slow it wouldn't be bright.

    I *do* consider it quite an unlikely theory, but I *would* be happier if someone would measure the orbital speed of the moon and figure its mass.

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  • (Score: 1) by khallow on Sunday October 23 2016, @07:06PM

    by khallow (3766) Subscriber Badge on Sunday October 23 2016, @07:06PM (#417926) Journal

    You're making assumptions about the speed of accretion.

    In order to generate a supernova, the star has to accumulate more than half a solar mass. There isn't the mass out there in the Oort cloud, including the would-be star or we would have noticed its effects on the other planets. Further, if it was accumulating mass fast enough to become a concern before the Sun turns into a giant star, we would be able to see it now.

    That said, if it had been emitting X-rays would we know?

    We've been observing X rays for somewhere around half a century. Yes, we would know.

    The atmosphere is opaque to X-rays, so only space probes could see it, and they're pretty busy

    Or high altitude observatories on Earth. The atmosphere is not that opaque.

    and if the accretion was slow it wouldn't be bright.

    My point precisely. If the accretion is slow, then we have bigger concerns such as the Earth becoming uninhabitable in a few hundred million to billion years as the Sun turns into a giant star.