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posted by janrinok on Monday February 23 2015, @12:19AM   Printer-friendly
from the the-tilting-balance dept.

Harry J. Kazianis writes at The National Interest that due to advances in big data and new detection methods modern attack subs may soon face the same problem as surface combatants around the world, where some areas are simply too dangerous to enter, thanks to pressing anti-access/area denial (A2/AD) (PDF) challenges:

"Since the Cold War submarines, particularly quiet American ones, have been considered largely immune to adversary A2/AD capabilities," says Bryan Clark, a former submariner and Navy strategist now with the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessment. "But the ability of submarines to hide through quieting alone will decrease as each successive decibel of noise reduction becomes more expensive and as new detection methods mature that rely on phenomena other than sounds emanating from a submarine. These techniques include lower frequency active sonar and non-acoustic methods that detect submarine wakes or (at short ranges) bounce laser or light-emitting diode (LED) light off a submarine hull. The physics behind most of these alternative techniques has been known for decades, but was not exploited because computer processors were too slow to run the detailed models needed to see small changes in the environment caused by a quiet submarine. Today, “big data” processing enables advanced navies to run sophisticated oceanographic models in real time to exploit these detection techniques. As they become more prevalent, they could make some coastal areas too hazardous for manned submarines."

"We need to think about a new strategy for undersea warfare," says Clark "Right now we tend to rely on submarines doing tactical operations on their own, in an environment where they can operate largely with impunity. All those things are going to change in the future. The threat is going to improve, opportunities to offload missions onto other vehicles are going to improve, and we can take advantage of that if we're going to again be the first mover into this new technology of undersea networks, unmanned vehicles and communication technologies."

 
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  • (Score: 2) by kaszz on Monday February 23 2015, @12:51AM

    by kaszz (4211) on Monday February 23 2015, @12:51AM (#148264) Journal

    Make sure no dictators with expansive plans creates a need for such expenses.

    Starting Score:    1  point
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  • (Score: 3, Interesting) by Anonymous Coward on Monday February 23 2015, @01:14AM

    by Anonymous Coward on Monday February 23 2015, @01:14AM (#148273)

    Are you talking about the dictators that we put in place?
    Cause, they always seem to have plans for expansion.
    Maybe we can just stop doing that and we won't need to DEFEND ourselves.

  • (Score: 5, Informative) by Ethanol-fueled on Monday February 23 2015, @01:25AM

    by Ethanol-fueled (2792) on Monday February 23 2015, @01:25AM (#148277) Homepage

    Skimming through 2 articles, I saw that they were "...what if?" circle-jerk scenarios written to stoke fear in people and justify being all defensive-like against some enemy or something. Note that the emphasis is on detection of other craft and evasion of detection methods.

    But there's more to it than that. High-accuracy subsea navigation, the kind a dictator would need, is ITAR-regulated [wikipedia.org] and also a technology with a high barrier to entry - precise navigation to within a fraction of a percent accuracy thousands of meters under the surface where you can't get a GPS signal is no trivial matter. In current military applications its usually an inertial navigation unit combined with one or more sensor types in a Kalman filter [wikipedia.org] kinda situation.

    With regards to autonomous underwater vehicles, we have the same moral dilemma as with other unmanned machines with potential to kill - and even moreso in this case, since one of the big elephants in the room is communication with a human operator in real-time. That is easily done remotely controlling drones through land and air, but not underwater (without obviously giving up their position). I think the article writers had better be more creative in addressing that part before snowing us with more bullshit.

    The big question related to this discussion is, how can anything at depth communicate with the surface (or underwater with a decent data transfer rate, without compromising its location) in close to real-time situations?

    • (Score: 3, Interesting) by frojack on Monday February 23 2015, @02:32AM

      by frojack (1554) on Monday February 23 2015, @02:32AM (#148292) Journal

      Minor points.....

      thousands of meters under the surface

      Los Angeles class subs
      Test depth: 950 ft (290 m) (peace time max depth)
      Design Depth (secret but guestimated at 435 meters)

      Submerged Coms up to 2004 used ELF, were very limited, usually a few characters per minute. [wikipedia.org]
      But the US shut down its ELF system in 2004, and probably replaced it with something based on satellites, maybe blue-green lasers.
      Russia and India still use ELF.
      Navy is involved in underwater testing on the west coast which some people are concerned hurts whales.

      --
      No, you are mistaken. I've always had this sig.
    • (Score: 4, Interesting) by VLM on Monday February 23 2015, @12:23PM

      by VLM (445) on Monday February 23 2015, @12:23PM (#148400)

      Landlines? Not even entirely kidding, there's a lot of fiber under the ocean.

      You don't need a physical connection, you just need a sonar/optical/whatever connection thats shorter detectable range (which is always longer than operational range) than your passive monitoring can detect a possible enemy.

      Another option little discussed is WRT drones and drone like activity, instead of tracking and communication with a dozen multbillion dollar subs, try a fleet of 10K (100K?) semi-expendable commo-sonar drones going full active all the time and running something like tor in a mesh network so our subs can talk. I would imagine energy storage is an issue, so rechargeable batteries that can run for a couple days and charge via solar on the surface in a couple days. Launch 1000 semi autonomous drone spy subs per year. Lets say 100 per month, or ten a month from ten worldwide locations. The biggest "fun" would be drones getting powned and monitoring traffic and/or injecting traffic and/or DDOS.