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aliks writes:

Glyn Moody writing for the techdirt.com site has a good summary of the status of Deepseek - with an added bonus of lots of links to his source material. Longish article, covering a lot of ground including usage of AI for social surveillance by the Chinese government

https://www.techdirt.com/2025/04/14/deepseek-is-already-being-applied-widely-across-chinas-industries-and-used-for-government-surveillance-and-propaganda/

" It's just three months since the Chinese company DeepSeek released its R1 reasoning model. In that time, its global impact has been dramatic: An article in Fortune magazine described how DeepSeek had "erased Silicon Valley's AI lead and wiped $1 trillion from U.S. markets." It also immediately raised serious privacy issues in the EU. The speed at which DeepSeek-R1 was built, and the relatively low cost of doing so, has had another dramatic knock-on effect, shifting interest and investment away from closed development towards open source AI models. As Wired wrote when DeepSeek-R1 appeared:

        However DeepSeek's models were built, they appear to show that a less closed approach to developing AI is gaining momentum. In December, Clem Delangue, the CEO of HuggingFace, a platform that hosts artificial intelligence models, predicted that a Chinese company would take the lead in AI because of the speed of innovation happening in open source models, which China has largely embraced. "This went faster than I thought," he says.

The open source nature of DeepSeek-R1 means that it is cheaper and easier to use it as the basis of other AI services and products, than to start from scratch. That's precisely what is happening in China, with the additional twist that many companies are doing so from a patriotic pride that Chinese computer technology has caught up with Silicon Valley. "

Original Submission

AnonTechie writes:

The prevailing consensus in astrophysics is that the universe has spent the past 13-or-so billion years expanding outward in all directions, ever since the Big Bang. It's expanding at this very moment, and will continue to do so until... a number of possible theoretical endings. Meanwhile, the specific rate at which the universe is growing remains a longstanding point of contention known as the "Hubble tension." However, there may be a way to finally ease that tension—you just need to put a slight spin on everything.

In simplest terms, the rate at which the universe expands on paper doesn't match actual astronomical observations. That speed—called the Hubble Constant—is measured in units of kilometers per second per megaparsec (km/s/Mpc), with a megaparsec measuring about 300,000 light years. The most widely accepted theoretical model, the Lambda/Cold Dark Matter model (ΛCDM), says the universe is growing at 67-68 km/s/Mpc. But what astronomers see through their equipment is a little faster, at about 73 km/s/Mpc. And therein lies the Hubble tension.

In a study published in the April issue of the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, a team of researchers including experts at the University of Hawai'i's Institute for Astronomy argue that introducing a miniscule amount of rotation to standard mathematical model of the universe may provide the way to align both expansion theories.

"Much to our surprise, we found that our model with rotation resolves the paradox without contradicting current astronomical measurements," study co-author and astrophysicist? István Szapudi said in a statement. "Even better, it is compatible with other models that assume rotation."

[...] Looking ahead, astronomers hope to construct a full computer model of the universe based in part of their new theory. From there, they will hopefully be able to pinpoint signs of cosmic spinning to search for among the stars.

[Source] Popular Science

Original Submission

upstart writes:

Google introduces Firebase Studio, an end-to-end platform that builds custom apps in-browser, in minutes:

Today at Google Cloud Next, the tech giant introduced the full-stack AI workspace Firebase Studio.

Devs and non-devs can use the cloud-based, Gemini-powered agentic development platform to build, launch, iterate on and monitor mobile and web apps, APIs, backends and frontends directly from their browsers. It is now available in preview to all users (you must have a Google account).

Firebase Studio combines Google's coding tools Genkit and Project IDX with specialized AI agents and Gemini assistance. It is built on the popular Code OSS project, making it look and feel familiar to many.

Users just need to open their browser to build an app in minutes, importing from existing repositories such as GitHub, GitLab, Bitbucket or a local machine. The platform supports languages including Java, .NET, Node.js, Go and Python, and frameworks like Next.js, React, Angular, Vue.js, Android, Flutter and others.

Users can choose from more than 60 pre-built templates or use a prototyping agent that helps design an app (including UI, AI flows and API schema) through natural language, screenshots, mockups, drawing tools, screenshots, images and mockups—without the need for coding. The app can then be directly deployed to Firebase App Hosting, Cloud Run, or custom infrastructure.

Apps can be monitored in a Firebase console and refined and expanded in a coding workspace with a single click. Apps right can be previewed in a browser, and Firebase Studio features built-in runtime services and tools for emulation, testing, refactoring, debugging and code documentation.

Google says the platform greatly simplifies coding workflows. Gemini helps users write code and documentation, fix bugs, manage and resolve dependencies, write and run unit tests, and work with Docker containers, among other tasks. Users can customize and evolve different aspects of their apps, including model inference, agents, retrieval-augmented generation (RAG), UX, business logic and others.

Google is also now granting early access to Gemini Code Assist agents in Firebase Studio for those in the Google Developer Program. For instance, a migration agent can help move code; a testing agent can simulate user interactions or run adversarial scenarios against AI models to identify and fix potentially dangerous outputs; and a code documentation agent can allow users to talk to code.

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https://www.vaticannews.va/en/pope/news/2025-04/pope-francis-dies-on-easter-monday-aged-88.html

Pope Francis died on Easter Monday, April 21, 2025, at the age of 88 at his residence in the Vatican's Casa Santa Marta.

upstart writes:

Intel agrees to sell controlling stake in Altera chip business:

Intel on Monday announced that it has entered into a definitive agreement to sell 51% of its Altera semiconductor business to Silver Lake, a private equity firm.

The deal, which values Altera at $8.75 billion, will make Altera "operationally independent," Intel said in a press release. Intel will retain 49% ownership in Altera, which will be led by Raghib Hussain, who's set to succeed Sandra Rivera as CEO on May 5.

"Today's announcement reflects our commitment to sharpening our focus, lowering our expense structure, and strengthening our balance sheet," said Intel CEO Lip-Bu Tan in a statement. "Altera continues to make progress repositioning its product portfolio to participate in the fastest growing and most profitable segments of the FPGA market."

Altera was founded in 1983 by semiconductor veterans Rodney Smith, Robert Hartmann, James Sansbury, and Paul Newhagen. The company develops a range of programmable chips known as field-programmable gate arrays, or FPGAs, and the software to support them, including for industries like communications, robotics, and AI.

Intel acquired Altera in 2015 for $16.7 billion, and it became a newly formed business unit called Programmable Solutions Group (PSG). In 2023, Intel announced that it would spin off PSG into a separate company, while maintaining majority ownership and intending to seek an IPO within three years.

The decision came amid rapid growth in the FPGA sector. According to one analysis, the market for FPGAs could grow from $12.1 billion last year to $25.8 billion by 2029.

In fiscal year 2024, Altera generated revenues of $1.54 billion, according to Intel.

The transaction with Silver Lake is expected to close in the second half of 2025, Intel said, subject to customary closing conditions.

Original Submission

upstart writes:

Google has illegal advertising monopoly, judge rules:

A US judge has ruled tech giant Google has a monopoly in online advertising technology. The US Department of Justice, along with 17 US states, sued Google, arguing the tech giant was illegally dominating the technology which determines which adverts should be placed online and where. This is the second antitrust case Google has lost in a year, after it was ruled the company also had a monopoly on online search.

Google said it would appeal against the decision.

"Publishers have many options and they choose Google because our ad tech tools are simple, affordable and effective," the firm's head of regulatory affairs Lee-Ann Mulholland said.

US district judge Leonie Brinkema said in the ruling Google had "wilfully engaged in a series of anticompetitive acts" which enabled it to "acquire and maintain monopoly power" in the market. "This exclusionary conduct substantially harmed Google's publisher customers, the competitive process, and, ultimately, consumers of information on the open web," she said.

Google lost on two counts, while a third was dismissed. "We won half of this case and we will appeal the other half," Ms Mulholland said.

"The court found that our advertiser tools and our acquisitions, such as DoubleClick, don't harm competition."

The ruling is a significant win for US antitrust enforcers, according to Laura Phillips-Sawyer, a professor at the University of Georgia School of Law. "It signals that not only are agencies willing to prosecute but also that judges are willing to enforce the law against big tech firms," she said. She said the verdict sets an important legal precedent and is likely to affect decision-making in corporate America.

Google's lawyers had argued the case focused too much on its past activities, and prosecutors ignored other large ad tech providers such as Amazon.

"Google has repeatedly used its market power to self-preference its own products, stifling innovation and depriving premium publishers worldwide of critical revenue needed to sustain high-quality journalism and entertainment," said Jason Kint, head of Digital Content Next, a trade association representing online publishers.

Google owns large companies on the buyer and seller sides of the online advertising market, as well as an ad exchange which matches demand and supply.

Internet users will not notice a difference online as a result of the decision, said Anupam Chander, professor of law and technology at Georgetown University. But it affects "the division of monies between advertisers, publishers, and ad service providers". "The judge seems willing to order structural changes in Google's ad exchange practices, which may affect Google's bottom line somewhat, but don't seem to necessarily threaten its core value proposition as an advertising middleman," he added.

In an ongoing series of antitrust lawsuits, the US government argues Google and its parent company Alphabet should be broken up - which could include selling off parts of the company such as the Chrome browser.

The US case will now move to a second "remedies" phase, which could also lead to Alphabet being broken up, said John Kwoka, a professor of economics at Northeastern University.

In September, the UK's competition watchdog provisionally found Google was using anti-competitive practices to dominate the market for online advertising technology.

Original Submission

AnonTechie writes:

New JWST data strengthens earlier hints that K2-18b, a possible water world 120 light-years away, could host the chemical byproducts of life.

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) may have picked up signs of a potential biosignature on a steamy, ocean-covered exoplanet called K2-18b—a biosignature that, on Earth, is produced by marine life.

The main character here is dimethyl sulfide, a molecule produced by many ocean denizens, but especially plankton. If the molecule is really floating around in the atmosphere of K2-18b, it raises the tantalizing possibility that something on the world might be alive. Or at least emitting suspiciously life-like chemical signals.

K2-18b, located 120 light-years away, has been on scientists' radar since NASA's Kepler space telescope spotted it in 2015. It's about 8.6 times the mass of Earth and orbits within the habitable (or "Goldilocks") zone of a red dwarf star.

Earlier observations from Hubble hinted that K2-18b had water vapor in its atmosphere, a claim later shown to be in error. But JWST has taken matters several steps further, doubling down on an earlier finding of dimethyl sulfide in the planet's atmosphere. The team behind the discovery, led by Nikku Madhusudhan from the University of Cambridge, includes researchers from five institutions.

The finding suggests that K2-18b may indeed be a Hycean world, or a water-covered planet with a hydrogen-rich atmosphere. But the team's observations—made using JWST's Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) and earlier data from NIRISS and NIRSpec—revealed methane and carbon dioxide, but very little ammonia, on the planet.

[...] Further observations will help to validate the team's findings. But to be clear, if life does exist on K2-18b, it's likely microbial given the apparent evidence, and not a sign of alien intelligence. As an important aside, microbial life—like plankton—existed on Earth for a billion years, a long but crucial chapter that paved the way for more complex organisms to emerge. Regardless, life has never been found beyond Earth, so confirming even a single amoeba on a distant world would be nothing short of revelatory.

At minimum, K2-18b is shaping up to be one of the most promising places to search for life beyond Earth. And at maximum—if further studies validate the recent findings—we may be getting our first chemical whiffs of a living ocean on another world.

[Source]: Gizmodo

[Journal Ref]: The Astrophysical Journal Letters

[Also Covered By] BBC

Original Submission

upstart writes:

Taking a jolt of lightning also kills parasitic vines:

Getting hit by lightning is not usually a good thing. But one tropical tree species seems to harness heaven's wrath. Not only do the trees survive lightning strikes, but their height and voluminous crowns act as natural lightning rods, attracting strikes that damage foes and boost their competitive advantage in the dense jungle.

The finding, reported March 26 in New Phytologist, comes from a years-long effort at Barro Colorado Nature Monument in Panama, where scientists studied lightning's overall impact on the forest. Using a camera array, drones and ground teams, researchers tracked lightning strikes and their effects. The team expected to find only detrimental effects on trees; however, it soon became clear that Dipteryx oleifera, also called "almendro," benefited from the shock therapy to fend off rival trees and get rid of parasitic vines.

A particularly powerful impact on a liana-covered D. oleifera in 2019 is what cemented the idea of a link between the tree and lightning's beneficial effects, says forest ecologist Evan Gora of the Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies in Millbrook, N.Y. "It looked like a bomb went off." The strike damaged 115 surrounding trees, half of which died within two years. Additionally, all the liana vines that covered the D. oleifera perished. The impacted tree, however, was practically unscathed, standing tall and healthy with its direct competitors removed.

To confirm the suspected tree-lightning relationship, Gora and his colleagues documented the fate of 93 trees struck by lightning, including nine D. oleifera specimens. After two years, all the D. oleifera trees were doing fine — thriving, Gora says — in stark contrast to a 56 percent mortality rate among the other species.

One reason for this resilience is that, apart from a few ruffled leaves, D. oleifera trees aren't damaged by lightning. The electric shock, however, eliminates most of the parasitic lianas that grow on them. These vines are ubiquitous in the jungle, stealing light and nutrients from large trees.

Connections between the vines and branches on neighboring trees spread electrical current to those trees, damaging them as well. This frees up space, light and nutrients for the almendro trees. On average, about nine nearby trees were killed per strike.

In fact, growing next to a D. oleifera tree seems to be hazardous for neighboring trees, as the findings suggest that almendro trees actively attract lightning. They tend to grow taller and possess wider crowns than their neighbors, making them 68 percent more susceptible to strikes. One D. oleifera tree was struck twice in five years, and the researchers estimate that the typical tree is struck an average of five times over its 300-year lifespan.

The competitive advantage gained from these strikes increases the D. oleifera's reproductive success by 14 times, the researchers found.

upstart writes:

The Israeli spyware maker, still on the US Commerce Department's "blacklist," has hired a new lobbying firm with direct ties to the Trump administration, a WIRED investigation has found:

Shortly after Donald Trump declared victory in November, NSO Group cofounder and majority owner Omri Lavie rushed to X to congratulate him, speaking of a "new chapter where the world goes back to common sense," while accusing the outgoing Biden administration of being "weak." In another tweet, he gushed in Hebrew that Republicans "won in every category: the presidency, Congress, Senate, and the popular vote."

Lavie's enthusiasm is understandable. His company—frequently associated with alleged human rights abuses, most recently in February when journalists in Serbia were targeted with its Pegasus spyware—had a significant stake in a Trump victory, with the hopes of regaining the ability to freely do business with US entities. In a comment to Amnesty International, NSO stated, in part, that its "commitment to maintain the highest standard of ethical conduct as well as confidentiality towards our customers is paramount and is consistent with industry norms and our legal obligations."

The Israeli spyware vendor has been on the US Commerce Department's "blacklist" for more than three years, meaning it cannot do business with US companies without specific government approval. NSO Group poured at least $1.8 million into an aggressive pre-election lobbying effort, focusing primarily on Republican senators and representatives, with some meetings occurring as often as eight times. Yet the company remains on the Entity List.

Now, with a new occupant in the White House, NSO Group appears to be shifting its political strategy.

The company seems to have either terminated or altered its engagement with several of its previous lobbying consultancies in Washington—some of which were closely aligned with the Democrats—and has started working with a key new lobbying partner: the Vogel Group.

Founded by Alex Vogel, who served as chief counsel to former Senate majority leader Bill Frist, the Vogel Group is providing NSO Group with "strategic advisory on cybersecurity policy matters," according to lobbying disclosure documents filed on March 10.

[...] NSO Group's recent lobbying efforts appear to have mainly focused on Republican lawmakers, more than executive branch power players, particularly as the Biden administration had been engaged in a crackdown on commercial spyware. The company previously worked with several lobbying contractors, with whom it appears to have either terminated or altered its registrations.

[...] As of early March—before Vogel Group's registration as a lobbyist for NSO Group—there had been no indication that the Trump administration intended to remove the company from the Entity List, according to a source familiar with the administration's moves regarding spyware, who asked not to be named in order to discuss confidential matters. However, recent comments by NSO Group's Lavie soft-peddled the impact of the Entity List on the company's ability to operate in the US.

[...] ​​Lobbying efforts can target different parts of the US government. By lobbying the executive branch (the president and agencies), lobbyists can influence how laws are enforced rather than what the laws say. In contrast, when lobbying Congress, the focus is on passing, blocking, or amending laws by influencing legislators.

[...] Asked whether the Trump administration intends to uphold the EO, White House press secretary Karoline Leavitt declined to comment.

Freeman writes:

https://arstechnica.com/science/2025/04/heres-how-a-satellite-ended-up-as-a-ghostly-apparition-on-google-earth/

Dig deep on Google Earth and you'll inevitably find a surprise or two. Maybe you're looking at far-flung islands in the middle of an ocean or checking in on something closer to home.

A few years ago, online sleuths found an image of a B-2 stealth bomber in flight over Missouri. The aircraft is smeared in the image because it was in motion, while the farm fields below appear as crisp as any other view on Google Earth.

There's something else that now appears on Google Earth. Zoom in over rural North Texas, and you'll find a satellite. It appears five times in different colors, each projected over wooded bottomlands in a remote wildlife refuge about 60 miles (100 kilometers) north of Dallas.
[...]
Someone first shared Google Earth's satellite capture last week on Reddit.
[...]
Google Earth data indicates that the image was taken on November 30, 2024, by a high-resolution Pleiades observation satellite owned by Airbus.
[...]
While the B-2's motion caused it to appear a little smeared in the Google Earth image a few years ago, the satellite's velocity created a different artifact. The satellite appears five times in different colors, which tells us something about how the image was made. Airbus' Pleiades satellites take pictures in multiple spectral bands: blue, green, red, panchromatic, and near-infrared.

Google Earth link to location of Satellite Image: https://maps.app.goo.gl/McDez7gsWz151Qb76

Original Submission

upstart writes:

The new general AI agent from China had some system crashes and server overload—but it's highly intuitive and shows real promise for the future of AI helpers:

Since the general AI agent Manus was launched last week, it has spread online like wildfire. And not just in China, where it was developed by the Wuhan-based startup Butterfly Effect. It's made its way into the global conversation, with influential voices in tech, including Twitter cofounder Jack Dorsey and Hugging Face product lead Victor Mustar, praising its performance. Some have even dubbed it "the second DeepSeek," comparing it to the earlier AI model that took the industry by surprise for its unexpected capabilities as well as its origin.

Manus claims to be the world's first general AI agent, using multiple AI models (such as Anthropic's Claude 3.5 Sonnet and fine-tuned versions of Alibaba's open-source Qwen) and various independently operating agents to act autonomously on a wide range of tasks. (This makes it different from AI chatbots, including DeepSeek, which are based on a single large language model family and are primarily designed for conversational interactions.)

Despite all the hype, very few people have had a chance to use it. Currently, under 1% of the users on the wait list have received an invite code. (It's unclear how many people are on this list, but for a sense of how much interest there is, Manus's Discord channel has more than 186,000 members.)

MIT Technology Review was able to obtain access to Manus, and when I gave it a test-drive, I found that using it feels like collaborating with a highly intelligent and efficient intern: While it occasionally lacks understanding of what it's being asked to do, makes incorrect assumptions, or cuts corners to expedite tasks, it explains its reasoning clearly, is remarkably adaptable, and can improve substantially when provided with detailed instructions or feedback. Ultimately, it's promising but not perfect.

[...] Like other reasoning-based agentic AI tools, such as ChatGPT DeepResearch, Manus is capable of breaking tasks down into steps and autonomously navigating the web to get the information it needs to complete them. What sets it apart is the "Manus's Computer" window, which allows users not only to observe what the agent is doing but also to intervene at any point.

To put it to the test, I gave Manus three assignments: (1) compile a list of notable reporters covering China tech, (2) search for two-bedroom property listings in New York City, and (3) nominate potential candidates for Innovators Under 35, a list created by MIT Technology Review every year.

An Anonymous Coward writes:

Analysis aims to solidify agreement on cannabis's potential as a cancer treatment, lead author of research says:

Hannah Harris Green - Fri 18 Apr 2025 13.00 BST

The largest ever study investigating medical cannabis as a treatment for cancer, published this week in Frontiers in Oncology, found overwhelming scientific support for cannabis's potential to treat cancer symptoms and potentially fight the course of the disease itself.

The intention of the analysis was to solidify agreement on cannabis's potential as a cancer treatment, said Ryan Castle, research director at the Whole Health Oncology Institute and lead author of the study. Castle noted that it has been historically difficult to do so because marijuana is still federally considered an illegal Schedule I narcotic.

"Our goal was to determine the scientific consensus on the topic of medical cannabis, a field that has long been dominated by a war between cherrypicked studies," Castle said.

[...] Castle's study looked at more than 10,000 studies on cannabis and cancer, which he said is "10 times the sample size of the next largest study, which we believe helps make it a more conclusive review of the scientific consensus".

To analyze the massive quantity of studies, Castle and his team used AI – specifically, the natural language processing technique known as "sentiment analysis". This technique allowed the researchers to see how many studies had positive, neutral or negative views on cannabis's ability to treat cancer and its symptoms by, for example, increasing appetite, decreasing inflammation or accelerating "apoptosis", or the death of cancer cells.

Castle says his team hoped to find "a moderate consensus" about cannabis's potential as a cancer treatment, and expected the "best case scenario" to be something like 55% of studies showing that medical cannabis improved cancer outcomes.

"It wasn't 55-45, it was 75-25," he said.

The study overwhelmingly supported cannabis as a treatment for cancer-related inflammation, appetite loss and nausea. Perhaps more surprisingly, it also showed that cannabis has the potential to fight cancer cells themselves, by killing them and stopping their spread.

AnonTechie writes:

The Armatron robotic arm:

Described as a "robot-like arm to aid young masterminds in scientific and laboratory experiments," it was the rare toy that lived up to the hype printed on the front of the box. This was a legit robotic arm. You could rotate the arm to spin around its base, tilt it up and down, bend it at the "elbow" joint, rotate the "wrist," and open and close the bright-­orange articulated hand in elegant chords of movement, all using only the twistable twin joysticks.

Anyone who played with this toy will also remember the sound it made. Once you slid the power button to the On position, you heard a constant whirring sound of plastic gears turning and twisting. And if you tried to push it past its boundaries, it twitched and protested with a jarring "CLICK ... CLICK ... CLICK."

It wasn't just kids who found the Armatron so special. It was featured on the cover of the November/December 1982 issue of Robotics Age magazine, which noted that the $31.95 toy (about $96 today) had "capabilities usually found only in much more expensive experimental arms."

[...] The Armatron encouraged kids to explore these analog mechanics, a reminder that not all breakthroughs happen on a computer screen. And that hands-on curiosity hasn't faded. Today, a new generation of fans are rediscovering the Armatron through online communities and DIY modifications. Dozens of Armatron videos are on YouTube, including one where the arm has been modified to run on steam power.

[Source]: MIT Technology Review

How many of you remember this toy and, did it inspire you to study robotics ?

Original Submission

upstart writes:

Modern science wouldn't exist without the online research repository known as arXiv. Three decades in, its creator still can't let it go.:

Nearly 35 years ago, Ginsparg created arXiv, a digital repository where researchers could share their latest findings—before those findings had been systematically reviewed or verified. Visit arXiv.org today (it's pronounced like "archive") and you'll still see its old-school Web 1.0 design, featuring a red banner and the seal of Cornell University, the platform's institutional home. But arXiv's unassuming facade belies the tectonic reconfiguration it set off in the scientific community. If arXiv were to stop functioning, scientists from every corner of the planet would suffer an immediate and profound disruption. "Everybody in math and physics uses it," Scott Aaronson, a computer scientist at the University of Texas at Austin, told me. "I scan it every night."

[...] In 2021, the journal Nature declared arXiv one of the "10 computer codes that transformed science," praising its role in fostering scientific collaboration. (The article is behind a paywall—unlock it for $199 a year.) By a recent count, arXiv hosts more than 2.6 million papers, receives 20,000 new submissions each month, and has 5 million monthly active users. Many of the most significant discoveries of the 21st century have first appeared on the platform. The "transformers" paper that launched the modern AI boom? Uploaded to arXiv. Same with the solution to the Poincaré conjecture, one of the seven Millennium Prize problems, famous for their difficulty and $1 million rewards. Just because a paper is posted on arXiv doesn't mean it won't appear in a prestigious journal someday, but it's often where research makes its debut and stays openly available. The transformers paper is still routinely accessed via arXiv.

For scientists, imagining a world without arXiv is like the rest of us imagining one without public libraries or GPS. But a look at its inner workings reveals that it isn't a frictionless utopia of open-access knowledge. Over the years, arXiv's permanence has been threatened by everything from bureaucratic strife to outdated code to even, once, a spy scandal. In the words of Ginsparg, who usually redirects interview requests to an FAQ document—on arXiv, no less—and tried to talk me out of visiting him in person, arXiv is "a child I sent off to college but who keeps coming back to camp out in my living room, behaving badly."

[...] Long before arXiv became critical infrastructure for scientific research, it was a collection of shell scripts running on Ginsparg's NeXT machine. In June 1991, Ginsparg, then a researcher at Los Alamos National Laboratory, attended a conference in Colorado, where a fateful encounter took place.

[...] When arXiv started, it wasn't a website but an automated email server (and within a few months also an FTP server). Then Ginsparg heard about something called the "World Wide Web." Initially skeptical—"I can't really pay attention to every single fad"—he became intrigued when the Mosaic browser was released in 1993. Soon after, Ginsparg built a web interface for arXiv, which over time became its primary mode of access. He also occasionally consulted with a programmer at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) named Tim Berners-Lee—now Sir Tim "Inventor of the World Wide Web" Berners-Lee—whom Ginsparg fondly credits with grilling excellent swordfish at his home in the French countryside.

Tech Review has a short article that attempts to describe "vibe coding" and discuss some of the ramifications, https://www.technologyreview.com/2025/04/16/1115135/what-is-vibe-coding-exactly/
Archive version, https://archive.is/5PGPK

When OpenAI cofounder Andrej Karpathy excitedly took to X back in February to post about his new hobby, he probably had no idea he was about to coin a phrase that encapsulated an entire movement steadily gaining momentum across the world.
"There's a new kind of coding I call 'vibe coding', where you fully give in to the vibes, embrace exponentials, and forget that the code even exists," he said. "I'm building a project or webapp, but it's not really coding—I just see stuff, say stuff, run stuff, and copy paste stuff, and it mostly works."

This certainly would not work in our industry, where software is often used in human-life-critical applications. Seems to me this will speed up the race to the bottom of software quality, but maybe it has a place?

Original Submission