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Reverse engineering the Intel 386 processor's register cell

Accepted submission by owl at 2023-11-09 19:09:37
Hardware
https://www.righto.com/2023/11/reverse-engineering-intel-386.html [righto.com]

The groundbreaking Intel 386 processor (1985) was the first 32-bit processor in the x86 line. It has numerous internal registers: general-purpose registers, index registers, segment selectors, and more specialized registers. In this blog post, I look at the silicon die of the 386 and explain how some of these registers are implemented at the transistor level. The registers that I examined are implemented as static RAM, with each bit stored in a common 8-transistor circuit, known as "8T". Studying this circuit shows the interesting layout techniques that Intel used to squeeze two storage cells together to minimize the space they require.


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