The Autonomous Decentralised Bearing (ADB) puts a small indentaion, or groove, into the outer bearing race. As the balls slide over this tiny groove, they slow down ever so slightly, and then speed back up. This does nothing to affect the bearing's regular performance, but if two balls are touching each other as they cross over the groove, the first ball's deceleration puts a tiny brake on the second ball, which separates the two as they go around the races.
It's an incredibly simple and tiny change, but it does a remarkable job.
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Without the need for a cage, you can run these bearings unlubricated, and that's where the real performance benefits come in. Coo Space claims the ADB experiences as little as 10 percent of the friction of a regular ball bearing
Here is aYouTube video [youtu.be] of the bearings spacing themselves out within the races.